# 응답을 직접 반환하기

**FastAPI**에서 *경로 작업(path operation)*을 생성할 때, 일반적으로 `dict`, `list`, Pydantic 모델, 데이터베이스 모델 등의 데이터를 반환할 수 있습니다.

기본적으로 **FastAPI**는 [JSON 호환 가능 인코더](../tutorial/encoder.md){.internal-link target=_blank}에 설명된 `jsonable_encoder`를 사용해 해당 반환 값을 자동으로 `JSON`으로 변환합니다.

그런 다음, JSON 호환 데이터(예: `dict`)를 `JSONResponse`에 넣어 사용자의 응답을 전송하는 방식으로 처리됩니다.

그러나 *경로 작업*에서 `JSONResponse`를 직접 반환할 수도 있습니다.

예를 들어, 사용자 정의 헤더나 쿠키를 반환해야 하는 경우에 유용할 수 있습니다.

   */
  @Deprecated @J2ktIncompatible @GwtIncompatible // Charset not supported by GWT
  public static final Charset US_ASCII = StandardCharsets.US_ASCII;

  /**
   * ISO-8859-1: ISO Latin Alphabet Number 1 (ISO-LATIN-1).
   *
   * @deprecated Use {@link StandardCharsets#ISO_8859_1} instead.
   */
  @Deprecated public static final Charset ISO_8859_1 = StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1;

  /**

So, the frontend (that runs in the browser) would try to reach `/openapi.json` and wouldn't be able to get the OpenAPI schema.

Because we have a proxy with a path prefix of `/api/v1` for our app, the frontend needs to fetch the OpenAPI schema at `/api/v1/openapi.json`.

```mermaid
graph LR

browser("Browser")

* For `PUT` requests to `/items/{item_id}`, read the body as JSON:
    * Check that it has a required attribute `name` that should be a `str`.
    * Check that it has a required attribute `price` that has to be a `float`.
    * Check that it has an optional attribute `is_offer`, that should be a `bool`, if present.
    * All this would also work for deeply nested JSON objects.
* Convert from and to JSON automatically.

}

// healResult represents a healing result with a possible error
type healResult struct {
	result madmin.HealResultItem
	err    error
}

// healRoutine receives heal tasks, to heal buckets, objects and format.json
type healRoutine struct {
	tasks   chan healTask
	workers int
}

func activeListeners() int {
	// Bucket notification and http trace are not costly, it is okay to ignore them

Then you just do the same in your tests.

E.g.:

* To pass a *path* or *query* parameter, add it to the URL itself.
* To pass a JSON body, pass a Python object (e.g. a `dict`) to the parameter `json`.
* If you need to send *Form Data* instead of JSON, use the `data` parameter instead.
* To pass *headers*, use a `dict` in the `headers` parameter.
* For *cookies*, a `dict` in the `cookies` parameter.

<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>:     Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
```

</div>

Then if you go to the URLs at `/openapi.json`, `/docs`, or `/redoc` you will just get a `404 Not Found` error like:

```JSON
{
    "detail": "Not Found"
}

		bugLogIf(GlobalContext, err)
		return nil
	}
	return buf.Bytes()
}

// Encodes the response headers into JSON format.
func encodeResponseJSON(response any) []byte {
	var bytesBuffer bytes.Buffer
	e := json.NewEncoder(&bytesBuffer)
	e.Encode(response)
	return bytesBuffer.Bytes()
}

// Write parts count

/// warning | Увага

Ви можете оголосити кілька параметрів `File` і `Form` в операції *шляху*, але не можете одночасно оголошувати `Body`-поля, які очікуєте отримати у форматі JSON, оскільки запит матиме тіло, закодоване за допомогою `multipart/form-data`, а не `application/json`.

Це не обмеження **FastAPI**, а частина протоколу HTTP.

///

## Підсумок

	timeout 15m /tmp/mc ready myminio || fail

	# Wait for all drives to be online and formatted
	while [ $(/tmp/mc admin info --json myminio | jq '.info.servers[].drives[].state | select(. != "ok")' | wc -l) -gt 0 ]; do sleep 1; done
	# Wait for all drives to be healed
	while [ $(/tmp/mc admin info --json myminio | jq '.info.servers[].drives[].healing | select(. != null) | select(. == true)' | wc -l) -gt 0 ]; do sleep 1; done