{* ../../docs_src/middleware/tutorial001_py310.py hl[10,12:13] *}

/// tip | Совет

Мы используем [`time.perf_counter()`](https://docs.python.org/3/library/time.html#time.perf_counter) вместо `time.time()` для обеспечения большей точности в таких случаях. 🤓

///

## Порядок выполнения нескольких middleware { #multiple-middleware-execution-order }

* `item_id` path parametresini `Path` kullanarak tanımlamak
* bunları farklı bir sırada yazmak
* `Annotated` kullanmamak

...Python bunun için küçük, özel bir sözdizimi sunar.

Fonksiyonun ilk parametresi olarak `*` geçin.

* declare the path parameter `item_id` using `Path`
* have them in a different order
* not use `Annotated`

...Python has a little special syntax for that.

Pass `*`, as the first parameter of the function.

Callback'in gerçek kodu, büyük ölçüde sizin API uygulamanıza bağlıdır.

Ve bir uygulamadan diğerine oldukça değişebilir.

Sadece bir-iki satır kod bile olabilir, örneğin:

```Python
callback_url = "https://example.com/api/v1/invoices/events/"
httpx.post(callback_url, json={"description": "Invoice paid", "paid": True})
```

* [Tartiflette](https://tartiflette.io/)
    * 提供用于 ASGI 集成的 [Tartiflette ASGI](https://tartiflette.github.io/tartiflette-asgi/)
* [Graphene](https://graphene-python.org/)
    * 可配合 [starlette-graphene3](https://github.com/ciscorn/starlette-graphene3) 使用

## 使用 Strawberry 的 GraphQL { #graphql-with-strawberry }

    * 提供 [FastAPI 文件](https://ariadnegraphql.org/docs/fastapi-integration)
* [Tartiflette](https://tartiflette.io/)
    * 使用 [Tartiflette ASGI](https://tartiflette.github.io/tartiflette-asgi/) 提供 ASGI 整合
* [Graphene](https://graphene-python.org/)
    * 搭配 [starlette-graphene3](https://github.com/ciscorn/starlette-graphene3)

## 使用 Strawberry 的 GraphQL { #graphql-with-strawberry }

* [Tartiflette](https://tartiflette.io/)
    * Com [Tartiflette ASGI](https://tartiflette.github.io/tartiflette-asgi/) para fornecer integração ASGI
* [Graphene](https://graphene-python.org/)
    * Com [starlette-graphene3](https://github.com/ciscorn/starlette-graphene3)

## GraphQL com Strawberry { #graphql-with-strawberry }

You can import it directly from `fastapi`:

```python
from fastapi import BackgroundTasks
```

  """Get the python major version."""
  return run_shell([python_bin_path, '-c', 'import sys; print(sys.version[0])'])


def setup_python(environ_cp):
  """Setup python related env variables."""
  # Get PYTHON_BIN_PATH, default is the current running python.
  default_python_bin_path = sys.executable
  ask_python_bin_path = ('Please specify the location of python. [Default is '

Загалом, middleware ASGI — це класи, які очікують отримати застосунок ASGI як перший аргумент.

Тож у документації до сторонніх middleware ASGI вам, імовірно, порадять зробити приблизно так:

```Python
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = SomeASGIApp()

new_app = UnicornMiddleware(app, some_config="rainbow")
```