# Geschichte, Design und Zukunft { #history-design-and-future }

Vor einiger Zeit fragte <a href="https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/issues/3#issuecomment-454956920" class="external-link" target="_blank">ein **FastAPI**-Benutzer</a>:

> Was ist die Geschichte dieses Projekts? Es scheint aus dem Nichts in ein paar Wochen zu etwas Großartigem geworden zu sein [...]

Hier ist ein wenig über diese Geschichte.

## Alternativen { #alternatives }

# 使用数据类

FastAPI 基于 **Pydantic** 构建，前文已经介绍过如何使用 Pydantic 模型声明请求与响应。

但 FastAPI 还可以使用数据类（<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/dataclasses.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">`dataclasses`</a>）：

{* ../../docs_src/dataclasses_/tutorial001.py hl[1,7:12,19:20] *}

这还是借助于 **Pydantic** 及其<a href="https://pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io/usage/dataclasses/#use-of-stdlib-dataclasses-with-basemodel" class="external-link" target="_blank">内置的 `dataclasses`</a>。

# Testando { #testing }

Graças ao <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a>, testar aplicações **FastAPI** é fácil e agradável.

Ele é baseado no <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">HTTPX</a>, que por sua vez é projetado com base em Requests, por isso é muito familiar e intuitivo.

感谢 <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a>，测试**FastAPI** 应用轻松又愉快。

它基于 <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">HTTPX</a>， 而HTTPX又是基于Requests设计的，所以很相似且易懂。

有了它，你可以直接与**FastAPI**一起使用 <a href="https://docs.pytest.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">pytest</a>。

## 使用 `TestClient`

/// info | 信息

# Testing { #testing }

Thanks to <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a>, testing **FastAPI** applications is easy and enjoyable.

It is based on <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">HTTPX</a>, which in turn is designed based on Requests, so it's very familiar and intuitive.

Оскільки HTTPX розроблений на основі Requests, його API є інтуїтивно зрозумілим для тих, хто вже знайомий з Requests.

        then:
        format(link) == '<ulink url="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/javaVersion/docs/api/java/util/List.html"><classname>List</classname></ulink>'
    }

    def rendersLinkToJavaClassArray() {
        when:
        def link = renderer.link(type('java.util.List', true), listener)

        then:

 [jetty_8_252]: https://webtide.com/jetty-alpn-java-8u252/
 [junit_5_rules]: https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/#migrating-from-junit4-rulesupport
 [major_versions]: https://jakewharton.com/java-interoperability-policy-for-major-version-updates/
 [maven_provided]: https://maven.apache.org/guides/introduction/introduction-to-dependency-mechanism.html
 [nginx_959]: https://trac.nginx.org/nginx/ticket/959

package cmd

import (
	"encoding/xml"

	"github.com/minio/minio/internal/auth"
)

// AssumedRoleUser - The identifiers for the temporary security credentials that
// the operation returns. Please also see https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/WebAPI/sts-2011-06-15/AssumedRoleUser
type AssumedRoleUser struct {
	// The ARN of the temporary security credentials that are returned from the

)

// Tests stripping standard ports from apiEndpoints.
func TestStripStandardPorts(t *testing.T) {
	apiEndpoints := []string{"http://127.0.0.1:9000", "http://127.0.0.2:80", "https://127.0.0.3:443"}
	expectedAPIEndpoints := []string{"http://127.0.0.1:9000", "http://127.0.0.2", "https://127.0.0.3"}
	newAPIEndpoints := stripStandardPorts(apiEndpoints, "")

	if !reflect.DeepEqual(expectedAPIEndpoints, newAPIEndpoints) {