With `data.items()` we get an <abbr title="Something we can iterate on with a for loop, like a list, set, etc.">iterable object</abbr> with tuples containing the key and value for each dictionary item.

We convert this iterable object into a proper `list` with `list(data.items())`.

`Optional[Something]` ist tatsächlich eine Abkürzung für `Union[Something, None]`, diese beiden sind äquivalent.

Das bedeutet auch, dass Sie in Python 3.10 `Something | None` verwenden können:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="1"
{!> ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009_py310.py!}
```

`Optional[Something]` насправді є скороченням для `Union[Something, None]`, вони еквівалентні.

Це також означає, що в Python 3.10 ви можете використовувати `Something | None`:

//// tab | Python 3.8 і вище

```Python hl_lines="1  4"
{!> ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009.py!}
```

////

        ClassPath.from(GwtTestSuite.class.getClassLoader()).getTopLevelClasses()) {
      if (info.getName().endsWith("_gwt")) {
        Class<?> clazz = info.load();
        // TODO(cpovirk): why does asSubclass() throw? Is it something about ClassLoaders?
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        Class<? extends GWTTestCase> cast = (Class<? extends GWTTestCase>) clazz;
        suite.addTestSuite(cast);
      }
    }
    return suite;
  }

# to setting up up volume mappings.
# Thus, the drive letter is replaced with the passed prefix.
# If no prefix is passed, by default, it's replaced with C:\, in case it's
# something else (ex. T:), which is a volume used in internal CI.
function replace_drive_letter_with_prefix () {
  local path_prefix
  if [[ -z "$2" ]]; then
    path_prefix="C:"
  else
    path_prefix="$2"
  fi

     * to suppress (as we do now), stop testing entrySet().add() at all, make
     * entrySet().add() tests tolerant of either behavior, introduce a map
     * feature for entrySet() that supports add(), or something else
     */
    return asList(
        getAddUnsupportedNotPresentMethod(),
        getAddAllUnsupportedNonePresentMethod(),
        getAddAllUnsupportedSomePresentMethod());
  }

  @Override

`Optional[Something]` মূলত `Union[Something, None]`-এর একটি শর্টকাট, এবং তারা সমতুল্য।

এর মানে হল, Python 3.10-এ, আপনি টাইপগুলির ইউনিয়ন ঘোষণা করতে `Something | None` ব্যবহার করতে পারেন:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="1"
{!> ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009_py310.py!}
```

If you have a new feature idea, please build it in an external library. There are
[many libraries][works_with_okhttp] that sit on top or hook in via existing APIs. If you build
something that integrates with OkHttp, tell us so that we can link it!

Before code can be accepted all contributors must complete our
[Individual Contributor License Agreement (CLA)][cla].


Code Contributions

If you have a new feature idea, please build it in an external library. There are
[many libraries][works_with_okhttp] that sit on top or hook in via existing APIs. If you build
something that integrates with OkHttp, tell us so that we can link it!

Before code can be accepted all contributors must complete our
[Individual Contributor License Agreement (CLA)][cla].


Code Contributions

```

`app.add_middleware()` 📨 🛠️ 🎓 🥇 ❌ & 🙆 🌖 ❌ 🚶‍♀️ 🛠️.

## 🛠️ 🛠️

**FastAPI** 🔌 📚 🛠️ ⚠ ⚙️ 💼, 👥 🔜 👀 ⏭ ❔ ⚙️ 👫.

/// note | 📡 ℹ

⏭ 🖼, 👆 💪 ⚙️ `from starlette.middleware.something import SomethingMiddleware`.

**FastAPI** 🚚 📚 🛠️ `fastapi.middleware` 🏪 👆, 👩‍💻. ✋️ 🌅 💪 🛠️ 👟 🔗 ⚪️➡️ 💃.

///

## `HTTPSRedirectMiddleware`

🛠️ 👈 🌐 📨 📨 🔜 👯‍♂️ `https` ⚖️ `wss`.