),
                        "username": {"title": "Username", "type": "string"},
                        "password": {"title": "Password", "type": "string"},
                        "scope": {"title": "Scope", "type": "string", "default": ""},
                        "client_id": IsDict(
                            {
                                "title": "Client Id",

    fake_users_db,
    get_password_hash,
    verify_password,
)

client = TestClient(app)


def get_access_token(username="johndoe", password="secret", scope=None):
    data = {"username": username, "password": password}
    if scope:
        data["scope"] = scope
    response = client.post("/token", data=data)
    content = response.json()
    access_token = content.get("access_token")
    return access_token

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


def get_access_token(
    *, username="johndoe", password="secret", scope=None, client: TestClient
):
    data = {"username": username, "password": password}
    if scope:
        data["scope"] = scope
    response = client.post("/token", data=data)
    content = response.json()
    access_token = content.get("access_token")
    return access_token

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


def get_access_token(
    *, username="johndoe", password="secret", scope=None, client: TestClient
):
    data = {"username": username, "password": password}
    if scope:
        data["scope"] = scope
    response = client.post("/token", data=data)
    content = response.json()
    access_token = content.get("access_token")
    return access_token

                        ),
                        "username": {"title": "Username", "type": "string"},
                        "password": {"title": "Password", "type": "string"},
                        "scope": {"title": "Scope", "type": "string", "default": ""},
                        "client_id": IsDict(
                            {
                                "title": "Client Id",

但由于这种用例很常见，FastAPI 为了简便，就直接提供了对它的支持。

///

### 使用表单数据

/// tip | "提示"

`OAuth2PasswordRequestForm` 类依赖项的实例没有以空格分隔的长字符串属性 `scope`，但它支持 `scopes` 属性，由已发送的 scope 字符串列表组成。

本例没有使用 `scopes`，但开发者也可以根据需要使用该属性。

///

现在，即可使用表单字段 `username`，从（伪）数据库中获取用户数据。

如果不存在指定用户，则返回错误消息，提示**用户名或密码错误**。

本例使用 `HTTPException` 异常显示此错误：

```Python hl_lines="3  77-79"

                        ),
                        "username": {"title": "Username", "type": "string"},
                        "password": {"title": "Password", "type": "string"},
                        "scope": {"title": "Scope", "type": "string", "default": ""},
                        "client_id": IsDict(
                            {
                                "title": "Client Id",

 * trigger instantiation of the component, hence "weak" class name prefix. Only applies to mojo execution
 * scoped components.
 * </p>
 * <strong>Note:</strong> This interface is part of work in progress and can be changed or removed without notice.
 *
 * @see org.apache.maven.execution.MojoExecutionListener
 * @since 3.1.2
 */

    this.port = port;
  }

  /** See https://api.slack.com/docs/oauth. */
  public HttpUrl authorizeUrl(String scopes, HttpUrl redirectUrl, ByteString state, String team) {
    HttpUrl.Builder builder = baseUrl.newBuilder("/oauth/authorize")
        .addQueryParameter("client_id", clientId)
        .addQueryParameter("scope", scopes)
        .addQueryParameter("redirect_uri", redirectUrl.toString())
        .addQueryParameter("state", state.base64());

### `scope`

A especificação também diz que o cliente pode enviar outro campo de formulário "`scope`" (Escopo).

O nome do campo do formulário é `scope` (no singular), mas na verdade é uma longa string com "escopos" separados por espaços.

Cada “scope” é apenas uma string (sem espaços).