private final Object root;

    /**
     * Construct a new value source, using the supplied object as the root from
     * which to start, and using expressions split at the dot ('.') to navigate
     * the object graph beneath this root.
     * @param root the root of the graph.
     */
    public ObjectBasedValueSource(Object root) {
        super(true);
        this.root = root;
    }

    /**

    /**
     * Wrap the specified root object, allowing the specified expression prefix.
     * @param prefix the prefix.
     * @param root the root of the graph.
     */
    public PrefixedObjectValueSource(String prefix, Object root) {
        super(new PrefixedValueSourceWrapper(new ObjectBasedValueSource(root), prefix));
    }

    /**
     * Wrap the specified root object, allowing the specified list of expression

    }

    /**
     * Constructs a new TransportException with the specified root cause.
     *
     * @param rootCause the root cause of this exception
     */
    public TransportException(final Throwable rootCause) {
        this.rootCause = rootCause;
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a new TransportException with the specified detail message and root cause.
     *
     * @param msg the detail message

 * under the License.
 */
package org.apache.maven.model.root;

import java.nio.file.Path;

import org.apache.maven.api.annotations.Nonnull;
import org.apache.maven.api.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Interface used to locate the root directory for a given project.
 *
 * The root locator is usually looked up from the plexus container.

        RequestTrace root = new RequestTrace("root", null, "root-data");
        RequestTrace level1 = new RequestTrace("level1", root, "level1-data");
        RequestTrace level2 = new RequestTrace("level2", level1, "level2-data");
        RequestTrace level3 = new RequestTrace(level2, "level3-data");

        // Verify the chain
        assertNull(root.parent());
        assertEquals(root, level1.parent());

    /**
     * Returns an array of {@link Traverser} instances that handle collections of classes or resources based on the specified root package.
     *
     * @param rootPackage
     *            The root package.
     * @return An array of {@link Traverser} instances that handle collections of resources based on the specified root package.
     */
    public static Traverser[] getTraversers(final String rootPackage) {

        void testGetRootCause() {
            Exception rootCause = new IllegalStateException("Test root cause");
            TransportException exception = new TransportException("Message", rootCause);

            assertEquals(rootCause, exception.getRootCause());
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should return null when no root cause")
        void testGetRootCauseWhenNull() {

    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match=multipart_incorrect_install_error):
        app = FastAPI()

        @app.post("/")
        async def root(username: str = Form()):
            return username  # pragma: nocover


def test_incorrect_multipart_installed_file_upload(monkeypatch):
    monkeypatch.setattr("python_multipart.__version__", "0.0.12")

import org.w3c.dom.Document
import org.w3c.dom.Element
import org.w3c.dom.Node

class XIncludeAwareXmlProvider {

    Document root

    Element parse(File sourceFile) {
        root = parseSourceFile(sourceFile)
        root.documentElement
    }

    Node emptyDoc() {
        root = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder().newDocument()
    }

    void write(File destFile, boolean indent = false) {

      @Override
      long treeAggregate(@Nullable AvlNode<?> root) {
        return (root == null) ? 0 : root.totalCount;
      }
    },
    DISTINCT {
      @Override
      int nodeAggregate(AvlNode<?> node) {
        return 1;
      }

      @Override
      long treeAggregate(@Nullable AvlNode<?> root) {
        return (root == null) ? 0 : root.distinctElements;
      }
    };