* @param dstIndex the starting index in the destination array
     * @param size the number of hex digits to write (will be left-padded with zeros)
     */
    public static void toHexChars(long val, final char dst[], final int dstIndex, int size) {
        while (size > 0) {
            dst[dstIndex + size - 1] = HEX_DIGITS[(int) (val & 0x000FL)];
            if (val != 0) {

    @ParameterizedTest
    @DisplayName("hasCapability returns expected values for various caps")
    @ValueSource(ints = { -1, 0, 1, 1024 })
    void hasCapability_variousCaps(int cap) throws SmbException {
        when(transport.hasCapability(anyInt())).thenAnswer(inv -> ((int) inv.getArgument(0)) >= 0);

        boolean result = transport.hasCapability(cap);

        assertEquals(cap >= 0, result);

@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
class WinErrorTest {

    // Helper to lookup a message by code using the production arrays
    private static Optional<String> lookupMessage(int code) {
        int[] codes = WinError.WINERR_CODES;
        String[] msgs = WinError.WINERR_MESSAGES;
        for (int i = 0; i < codes.length; i++) {
            if (codes[i] == code) {
                return Optional.of(msgs[i]);
            }
        }

    @Override
    public int read(final byte[] b) throws IOException {
        return read(b, 0, b.length);
    }

    /**
     * Reads up to len bytes of data from this input stream into an array of bytes.
     *
     * @throws IOException
     *             if a network error occurs
     */

    @Override
    public int read(final byte[] b, final int off, final int len) throws IOException {

            assertEquals(expectedSize, request.size());
        }

        @ParameterizedTest
        @DisplayName("Should calculate size for various data lengths")
        @ValueSource(ints = { 0, 1, 7, 8, 100, 512, 1024, 4096, 65536 })
        void testSizeWithVariousDataLengths(int dataLength) {

        @ValueSource(ints = { 0, 1, 2, 5, 10 })
        void testEncodeWithDifferentCipherCounts(int count) {
            int[] ciphers = new int[count];
            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                ciphers[i] = i + 1;
            }

            context = new EncryptionNegotiateContext(mockConfig, ciphers);
            int encoded = context.encode(buffer, 0);

    class ConstructorTests {

        @ParameterizedTest
        @DisplayName("Should mask input values with 0xFF correctly")
        @ValueSource(ints = { 0, 1, 127, 128, 255, 256, -1, -128, -255, -256, 32767, -32768, 65535, 65536 })
        void testConstructorMasking(int inputValue) {
            // Given: An input value
            // When: Creating NdrShort with that value
            NdrShort ndrShort = new NdrShort(inputValue);

     *
     * @param buffer buffer to read data into
     * @param remoteAddress remote memory address for RDMA read
     * @param remoteKey remote memory key
     * @param length number of bytes to read
     * @return number of bytes actually read
     * @throws IOException if read operation fails
     */
    public abstract int read(ByteBuffer buffer, long remoteAddress, int remoteKey, int length) throws IOException;

    /**

     */
    int decode(byte[] buffer, int bufferIndex) throws SMBProtocolDecodingException;

    /**
     * Encodes this message into a byte array.
     *
     * @param dst the destination byte array
     * @param dstIndex the starting index in the destination array
     * @return message length
     */
    int encode(byte[] dst, int dstIndex);

    /**

    /**
     * Receive data from the pipe
     *
     * @param buf buffer to receive data into
     * @param off offset in the buffer
     * @param length maximum length to receive
     * @return number of bytes received
     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
     */
    int recv(byte[] buf, int off, int length) throws IOException;

    /**
     * Send data to the pipe
     *