```Python hl_lines="9 14"
{!../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial006.py!}
```

## *path operations*のグループに対する依存関係

    {!> ../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial006.py!}
    ```

## Dependencies для группы *операций путей*

Позже, читая о том как структурировать большие приложения ([Bigger Applications - Multiple Files](../../tutorial/bigger-applications.md){.internal-link target=_blank}), возможно, многофайловые, вы узнаете как объявить единый параметр `dependencies` для всей группы *операций путей*.

## Глобальный Dependencies

    tags=["admin"],
    dependencies=[Depends(get_token_header)],
    responses={418: {"description": "I'm a teapot"}},
)


@app.get("/")
async def root():

```

[*路径装饰器依赖项*](dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators.md){.internal-link target=_blank} 一章的思路均适用于全局依赖项， 在本例中，这些依赖项可以用于应用中的所有*路径操作*。

## 为一组路径操作定义依赖项

    "license": "Apache-2.0",
    "title": "TensorFlow",
    "upload_type": "software",
    "creators": [
        {
            "name": "TensorFlow Developers"
        }
    ],
    "access_right": "open",

# Test Client - `TestClient`

You can use the `TestClient` class to test FastAPI applications without creating an actual HTTP and socket connection, just communicating directly with the FastAPI code.

Read more about it in the [FastAPI docs for Testing](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/testing/).

You can import it directly from `fastapi.testclient`:

```python
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
```

# 事件：启动 - 关闭

**FastAPI** 支持定义在应用启动前，或应用关闭后执行的事件处理器（函数）。

事件函数既可以声明为异步函数（`async def`），也可以声明为普通函数（`def`）。

!!! warning "警告"

    **FastAPI** 只执行主应用中的事件处理器，不执行[子应用 - 挂载](sub-applications.md){.internal-link target=_blank}中的事件处理器。

## `startup` 事件

使用 `startup` 事件声明 `app` 启动前运行的函数：

```Python hl_lines="8"
{!../../../docs_src/events/tutorial001.py!}
```

本例中，`startup` 事件处理器函数为项目数据库（只是**字典**）提供了一些初始值。

**FastAPI** 支持多个事件处理器函数。

    tags=["admin"],
    dependencies=[Depends(get_token_header)],
    responses={418: {"description": "I'm a teapot"}},
)


@app.get("/")
async def root():

      }

      /**
       * Returns an input stream containing one or more certificate PEM files. This implementation just
       * embeds the PEM files in Java strings; most applications will instead read this from a resource
       * file that gets bundled with the application.
       */
      private fun trustedCertificatesInputStream(): InputStream {
        ... // Full source omitted. See sample.
      }

 * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 */

package jcifs.smb;


/**
 * This class can be extended by applications that wish to trap authentication related exceptions and automatically
 * retry the exceptional operation with different credentials. Read <a href="../../../authhandler.html">jCIFS Exceptions