// Stack trace should be empty
        assertEquals(0, exception.getStackTrace().length);
    }

    public void test_exceptionChaining() {
        // Test exception chaining with multiple levels
        Exception rootCause = new Exception("Root cause");
        RuntimeException middleCause = new RuntimeException("Middle cause", rootCause);

    logger: String,
    tag: String,
  ) {
    val logger = Logger.getLogger(logger)
    if (configuredLoggers.add(logger)) {
      logger.useParentHandlers = false
      // log based on levels at startup to avoid logging each frame
      logger.level =
        when {
          Log.isLoggable(tag, Log.DEBUG) -> Level.FINE
          Log.isLoggable(tag, Log.INFO) -> Level.INFO
          else -> Level.WARNING

     * Gets the severity level of this problem.
     *
     * @return the severity level of this problem, never {@code null}
     */
    @Nonnull
    Severity getSeverity();

    /**
     * The different severity levels for a problem, in decreasing order.
     *
     * @since 4.0.0
     */
    @Experimental
    enum Severity {
        FATAL, //
        ERROR, //
        WARNING //
    }

/**
 * Trans2 QueryPathInformation response message for file metadata queries.
 * This class handles the response from a TRANS2_QUERY_PATH_INFORMATION request,
 * returning various file information levels based on the requested information level.
 */
public class Trans2QueryPathInformationResponse extends SmbComTransactionResponse {

    private final int informationLevel;
    private FileInformation info;

    /**

        return problemsReportedFor(BuilderProblem.Severity.values());
    }

    /**
     * Returns count of problems reported for given severities.
     *
     * @param severities the severity levels to count problems for
     * @return the total count of problems for the specified severities
     */
    int problemsReportedFor(BuilderProblem.Severity... severities);

    /**

        byte[] challenge = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 };
        byte[] hash = auth.getAnsiHash(challenge);
        assertNotNull(hash);
        // getAnsiHash always returns 24 bytes for all lmCompatibility levels
        // (getPreNTLMResponse, getNTLMResponse, or getLMv2Response all return 24 bytes)
        assertEquals(24, hash.length);
    }

    // Test getUnicodeHash behavior based on static LM_COMPATIBILITY setting

## **FastAPI**'s `OAuth2PasswordBearer` { #fastapis-oauth2passwordbearer }

**FastAPI** provides several tools, at different levels of abstraction, to implement these security features.

In this example we are going to use **OAuth2**, with the **Password** flow, using a **Bearer** token. We do that using the `OAuth2PasswordBearer` class.

/// info

            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> {
                buffer.size();
            });
        }

        @ParameterizedTest
        @DisplayName("Should handle various referral levels")
        @ValueSource(ints = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 255, 256, 32767, 65535 })
        void testConstructorWithVariousReferralLevels(int maxReferralLevel) {
            String path = "\\\\test";

   * doubling the table causes no thread to hash to it under
   * expanded mask.  We do not try to detect or remove such cells,
   * under the assumption that for long-running instances, observed
   * contention levels will recur, so the cells will eventually be
   * needed again; and for short-lived ones, it does not matter.
   */

  /**
   * Padded variant of AtomicLong supporting only raw accesses plus CAS. The value field is placed

     * gaps. For example, an insecure TLS connection is capable of negotiating HTTP/2 with ALPN and
     * it also has a regular-looking handshake.
     *
     * **This feature is not supported on Android API levels less than 24.** Prior releases lacked
     * a mechanism to trust some hosts and not others.
     *
     * @param hostname the exact hostname from the URL for insecure connections.
     */