// The CIDR must be an IPv4 or IPv6 subnet address with a mask.
// Leading zeros in IPv4 address octets are not allowed.
// IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses (e.g. ::ffff:1.2.3.4/24) are not allowed.
//
//	cidr(<string>) <CIDR>
//
// Examples:
//
//	cidr('192.168.0.0/16') // returns an IPv4 address with a CIDR mask
//	cidr('::1/128') // returns an IPv6 address with a CIDR mask

			index:          0,
			CIDRBlock:      "127.123.0.0/24",
			description:    "1st IP address indexed with IPv4",
		},
		{
			clusterCIDRStr: "127.123.0.0/16",
			subnetMaskSize: 24,
			index:          15,
			CIDRBlock:      "127.123.15.0/24",
			description:    "16th IP address indexed with IPv4",
		},
		{
			clusterCIDRStr: "192.168.5.219/28",
			subnetMaskSize: 32,
			index:          5,

		// Single number. Some parsers accept this as an IPv4 address in
		// big-endian uint32 form, but we don't.
		"1234",
		// IPv4 with a zone specifier
		"1.2.3.4%eth0",
		// IPv4 field must have at least one digit
		".1.2.3",
		"1.2.3.",
		"1..2.3",
		// IPv4 address too long
		"1.2.3.4.5",
		// IPv4 in dotted octal form
		"0300.0250.0214.0377",
		// IPv4 in dotted hex form
		"0xc0.0xa8.0x8c.0xff",

	}{
		// 192.168.0.0
		// 11000000.10101000.00000000.00000001
		{
			name: "ipv4 first is a one",
			ip:   netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.0.0"),
			pos:  1,
			want: 1,
		},
		{
			name: "ipv4 middle is a zero",
			ip:   netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.0.0"),
			pos:  16,
			want: 0,
		},
		{
			name: "ipv4 middle is a one",
			ip:   netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.0.0"),
			pos:  13,
			want: 1,

		{"gatewaymiddle", gatewaymiddle, 1, &ipv4Route, ""},
		{"gatewaylast", gatewaylast, 1, &ipv4Route, ""},
		{"no routes", nothing, 0, nil, ""},
		{"badDestination", badDestination, 0, nil, "invalid IPv4"},
		{"badGateway", badGateway, 0, nil, "invalid IPv4"},
		{"route_Invalidhex", route_Invalidhex, 0, nil, "odd length hex string"},
		{"no default routes", noInternetConnection, 0, nil, ""},
	}
	for _, tc := range testCases {

releaseNotes:
  - |
    **Added** gated flag `ISTIO_ENABLE_IPV4_OUTBOUND_LISTENER_FOR_IPV6_CLUSTERS` to manage an additional outbound listener for IPv6-only clusters to deal with IPv4 NAT outbound traffic.

			errStr:   "",
			lookup:   nil,
		},
		{
			name:     "Host by IPv4",
			input:    "127.0.0.1:9080",
			expected: "127.0.0.1:9080",
			errStr:   "",
			lookup:   nil,
		},
		{
			name:     "Host by IPv6",
			input:    "[::1]:9080",
			expected: "[::1]:9080",
			errStr:   "",
			lookup:   nil,
		},
		{
			name:     "Bad IPv4",
			input:    "127.0.0.1.1:9080",
			expected: "",

fun reorderForHappyEyeballs(addresses: List<InetAddress>): List<InetAddress> {
  if (addresses.size < 2) {
    return addresses
  }

  val (ipv6, ipv4) = addresses.partition { it is Inet6Address }

  return if (ipv6.isEmpty() || ipv4.isEmpty()) {
    addresses
  } else {
    interleave(ipv6, ipv4)
  }

			expected:      "192.168.10.0/24",
			expectedError: false,
			name:          "valid: valid <IPv4,IPv6> ranges from dual-stack",
		},
		{
			svcSubnetList: "fd03::/112,192.168.10.0/24",
			expected:      "fd03::/112",
			expectedError: false,
			name:          "valid: valid <IPv6,IPv4> ranges from dual-stack",
		},
		{
			svcSubnetList: "192.168.10.0/24,fd03:x::/112",
			expected:      "",

			//   IPv6 addresses.
			//
			// - When IP.To16() == nil and IP.To4() != nil,
			//   the raw connection consists of an IPv4
			//   socket using only IPv4 addresses.
			//
			// - Otherwise, the raw connection is a dual
			//   stack socket, an IPv6 socket using IPv6
			//   addresses including IPv4-mapped or
			//   IPv4-embedded IPv6 addresses.
			if addr.IP.To16() != nil && addr.IP.To4() == nil {