//// tab | Pydantic v2

У версії Pydantic 2 використовується атрибут `model_config`, який приймає `dict`, як описано в <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/api/config/" class="external-link" target="_blank">документації Pydantic: Конфігурація</a>.

	// The ARN of the temporary security credentials that are returned from the
	// AssumeRole action. For more information about ARNs and how to use them in
	// policies, see IAM Identifiers (http://docs.aws.amazon.com/IAM/latest/UserGuide/reference_identifiers.html)
	// in Using IAM.
	//
	// Arn is a required field
	Arn string

	// A unique identifier that contains the role ID and the role session name of

            ArtifactRepository localRepository)
            throws RepositoryMetadataStoreException {
        // TODO currently this is first wins, but really we should take the latest by comparing either the
        // snapshot timestamp, or some other timestamp later encoded into the metadata.
        // TODO this needs to be repeated here so the merging doesn't interfere with the written metadata

	// Content-Md5 is required should be set
	// http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/multiobjectdeleteapi.html
	if !validateLengthAndChecksum(r) {
		writeErrorResponse(ctx, w, errorCodes.ToAPIErr(ErrMissingContentMD5), r.URL)
		return
	}

	// Content-Length is required and should be non-zero
	// http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/multiobjectdeleteapi.html
	if r.ContentLength <= 0 {

```

### `RequestValidationError` vs `ValidationError`

/// warning | 警告

如果您觉得现在还用不到以下技术细节，可以先跳过下面的内容。

///

`RequestValidationError` 是 Pydantic 的 <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/models/#error-handling" class="external-link" target="_blank">`ValidationError`</a> 的子类。

**FastAPI** 调用的就是 `RequestValidationError` 类，因此，如果在 `response_model` 中使用 Pydantic 模型，且数据有错误时，在日志中就会看到这个错误。

		{60 * time.Second, "my_download_url", "1 minute before the latest release"},
		{61 * time.Second, "my_download_url", "1 minute before the latest release"},

		// Testcase index 10
		{37 * time.Minute, "my_download_url", "37 minutes before the latest release"},
		{1 * time.Hour, "my_download_url", "1 hour before the latest release"},
		{61 * time.Minute, "my_download_url", "1 hour before the latest release"},

이를 위해 표준 Python 타입 힌트인 <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html#typing.Union" class="external-link" target="_blank">`typing.Union`</a>을 사용할 수 있습니다:

/// note | 참고

<a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/types/#unions" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Union`</a>을 정의할때는 더 구체적인 타입을 먼저 포함하고, 덜 구체적인 타입을 그 뒤에 나열해야합니다. 아래 예제에서는 `Union[PlaneItem, CarItem]` 를 보면, 더 구체적인 `PlaneItem`이 `CarItem`보다 앞에 위치합니다.

///

type DecryptRequest struct {
	// Name is the name of the master key used decrypt
	// the ciphertext.
	Name string

	// Version is the version of the master used for
	// decryption. If empty, the latest key version
	// is used.
	Version int

	// Ciphertext is the encrypted data that gets
	// decrypted.
	Ciphertext []byte

	// AssociatedData is the crypto. associated data.

/// info | Информация

Если вы уже прошли всё руководство и вернулись, чтобы узнать больше о типах, хорошим ресурсом будет <a href="https://mypy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/cheat_sheet_py3.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">«шпаргалка» от `mypy`</a>.

import importlib

import pytest
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from fastapi.websockets import WebSocketDisconnect

from ...utils import needs_py310


@pytest.fixture(
    name="app",
    params=[
        pytest.param("tutorial002_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial002_py310", marks=needs_py310),
        pytest.param("tutorial002_an_py39"),