for (int i = 0; i < numInsertions * 2; i += 2) {
      bf.put(Integer.toString(i));
    }
    assertApproximateElementCountGuess(bf, numInsertions);

    // Assert that the BF "might" have all of the even numbers.
    for (int i = 0; i < numInsertions * 2; i += 2) {
      assertTrue(bf.mightContain(Integer.toString(i)));
    }

import java.util.List;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Quick and dirty benchmark of {@link Throwables#lazyStackTrace(Throwable)}. We benchmark a "caller
 * finder" implementation that might be used in a logging framework.
 */
@NullUnmarked
public class LazyStackTraceBenchmark {
  @Param({"20", "200", "2000"})
  int stackDepth;

  @Param({"-1", "3", "15"})
  int breakAt;

  int recursionCount;

import java.util.List;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Quick and dirty benchmark of {@link Throwables#lazyStackTrace(Throwable)}. We benchmark a "caller
 * finder" implementation that might be used in a logging framework.
 */
@NullUnmarked
public class LazyStackTraceBenchmark {
  @Param({"20", "200", "2000"})
  int stackDepth;

  @Param({"-1", "3", "15"})
  int breakAt;

  int recursionCount;

    return Ints.fromBytes(b4, b3, b2, b1);
  }

  /**
   * Reads a {@code long} as specified by {@link DataInputStream#readLong()}, except using
   * little-endian byte order.
   *
   * @return the next eight bytes of the input stream, interpreted as a {@code long} in
   *     little-endian byte order
   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue // to skip some bytes
  @Override

 * to half-width and to convert any characters to lowercase, ensuring consistency in the output.
 * </p>
 *
 * <p>
 * Example:
 * For the input "キャ", the converter might return a list containing "kya".
 * For the input "ジュ", the converter might return a list containing "zyu", "ju", and "jyu".
 * </p>
 *
 */
public class KatakanaToAlphabetConverter implements ReadingConverter {
    private final Map<String, String[]> convertMap;

So, if you have an object `something` (that might _not_ be a function) and you can "call" it (execute it) like:

```Python
something()
```

or

```Python
something(some_argument, some_keyword_argument="foo")
```

then it is a "callable".

## Classes as dependencies { #classes-as-dependencies_1 }

You might notice that to create an instance of a Python class, you use that same syntax.

<div class="screenshot">
<img src="/img/tutorial/query-param-models/image01.png">
</div>

## Forbid Extra Query Parameters { #forbid-extra-query-parameters }

In some special use cases (probably not very common), you might want to **restrict** the query parameters that you want to receive.

You can use Pydantic's model configuration to `forbid` any `extra` fields:

{* ../../docs_src/query_param_models/tutorial002_an_py310.py hl[10] *}

* The path as parameters.
* Headers.
* Cookies.
* etc.

And by doing so, **FastAPI** is validating that data, converting it and generating documentation for your API automatically.

But there are situations where you might need to access the `Request` object directly.

## Details about the `Request` object { #details-about-the-request-object }

* Implement and use well-known cryptographic tools, like Passlib and JWT tokens, etc.
* Add more granular permission controls with OAuth2 scopes where needed.
* ...etc.

Nevertheless, you might have a very specific use case where you really need to disable the API docs for some environment (e.g. for production) or depending on configurations from environment variables.

			return false
		}
	}
	return true
}

// It would be nice if the error messages always began with
// the standard file:line: prefix,
// but that's not where we are today.
// It might be at the beginning but it might be in the middle of the printed instruction.
var fileLineRE = regexp.MustCompile(`(?:^|\()(testdata[/\\][\da-z]+\.s:\d+)(?:$|\)|:)`)

// Same as in test/run.go
var (