import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;

/**
 * An {@link OutputStream} that maintains a hash of the data written to it.
 *
 * @author Zoe Piepmeier
 * @since 16.0
 */
@Beta
public final class HashingOutputStream extends FilterOutputStream {
  private final Hasher hasher;

  /**
   * Creates an output stream that hashes using the given {@link HashFunction}, and forwards all

     * Constructs a new ExtractException with the specified message and cause.
     *
     * @param message the detail message. The detail message is saved for later retrieval by the {@link #getMessage()} method.
     * @param cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the {@link #getCause()} method).
     *              (A {@code null} value is permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or unknown.)
     */

    assertNotNull(getList().listIterator(getNumElements()));
    // TODO: run the iterator through ListIteratorTester
  }

  /**
   * Returns the {@link Method} instance for {@link #testListIterator_fullyModifiable()} so that
   * tests of {@link CopyOnWriteArraySet} can suppress it with {@code
   * FeatureSpecificTestSuiteBuilder.suppressing()} until <a

* <a href="https://github.com/florimondmanca/msgpack-asgi" class="external-link" target="_blank">MessagePack</a>

  }

  /**
   * A sensible implementation of {@link Map#values} in terms of the following methods: {@link
   * ForwardingMap#clear}, {@link ForwardingMap#containsValue}, {@link ForwardingMap#isEmpty},
   * {@link ForwardingMap#size}, and the {@link Set#iterator} method of {@link
   * ForwardingMap#entrySet}. In many cases, you may wish to override {@link ForwardingMap#values}

  }

  /**
   * Returns a fresh {@link MapMakerInternalMap} with {@link MapMaker.Dummy} values but otherwise as
   * specified by the given {@code builder}. The returned {@link MapMakerInternalMap} will be
   * optimized to saved memory. Since {@link MapMaker.Dummy} is a singleton, we don't need to store
   * any values at all. Because of this optimization, {@code build.getValueStrength()} must be
   * {@link Strength#STRONG}.
   *

   * with those values.
   *
   * <p>A call to {@link Entry#setValue} on the returned entry will always throw {@link
   * UnsupportedOperationException}.
   */
  static <K, V> Entry<K, V> entryOf(K key, V value) {
    return new ImmutableMapEntry<>(key, value);
  }

  /**
   * Returns a new builder. The generated builder is equivalent to the builder created by the {@link
   * Builder} constructor.
   */

import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * An iterator that does not support {@link #remove}.
 *
 * <p>{@code UnmodifiableIterator} is used primarily in conjunction with implementations of {@link
 * ImmutableCollection}, such as {@link ImmutableList}. You can, however, convert an existing
 * iterator to an {@code UnmodifiableIterator} using {@link Iterators#unmodifiableIterator}.
 *
 * @author Jared Levy
 * @since 2.0
 */

# 테스팅

<a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> 덕분에 **FastAPI** 를 테스트하는 일은 쉽고 즐거운 일이 되었습니다.

Starlette는 <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org\" class="external-link" target="_blank">HTTPX</a>를 기반으로 하며, 이는 Requests를 기반으로 설계되었기 때문에 매우 친숙하고 직관적입니다.

이를 사용하면 FastAPI에서 <a href="https://docs.pytest.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">pytest</a>를 직접 사용할 수 있습니다.

## `TestClient` 사용하기

/// info | 정보

import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource;
import org.mockito.junit.jupiter.MockitoExtension;

/**
 * Unit tests for {@link SmbException}.
 *
 * The tests exercise the public API: constructors, {@link #getNtStatus()},
 * {@link #getRootCause()}, and {@link #toString()}.
 */
@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
class SmbExceptionTest {

    /**