You can easily use the same Pydantic settings to configure your generated OpenAPI and the docs UIs.

For example:

```Python hl_lines="6  11"
{!../../docs_src/conditional_openapi/tutorial001.py!}
```

Here we declare the setting `openapi_url` with the same default of `"/openapi.json"`.

And then we use it when creating the `FastAPI` app.

```Python hl_lines="8  10"
{!../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial004.py!}
```

## 필수 쿼리 매개변수

경로가 아닌 매개변수에 대한 기본값을 선언할 때(지금은 쿼리 매개변수만 보았습니다), 해당 매개변수는 필수적(Required)이지 않았습니다.

특정값을 추가하지 않고 선택적으로 만들기 위해선 기본값을 `None`으로 설정하면 됩니다.

그러나 쿼리 매개변수를 필수로 만들려면 단순히 기본값을 선언하지 않으면 됩니다:

```Python hl_lines="6-7"
{!../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial005.py!}
```

여기 쿼리 매개변수 `needy`는 `str`형인 필수 쿼리 매개변수입니다.

## 例

ここでは、上記の型のいくつかを使用したパラメータを持つ*path operation*の例を示します。

```Python hl_lines="1 2 12-16"
{!../../docs_src/extra_data_types/tutorial001.py!}
```

関数内のパラメータは自然なデータ型を持っていることに注意してください。そして、以下のように通常の日付操作を行うことができます:

```Python hl_lines="18 19"
{!../../docs_src/extra_data_types/tutorial001.py!}

import pytest
from dirty_equals import IsDict
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client():
    from docs_src.body_multiple_params.tutorial001 import app

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


def test_post_body_q_bar_content(client: TestClient):
    response = client.put("/items/5?q=bar", json={"name": "Foo", "price": 50.5})
    assert response.status_code == 200

from dirty_equals import IsDict
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.request_files.tutorial001 import app

client = TestClient(app)


file_required = {
    "detail": [
        {
            "loc": ["body", "file"],
            "msg": "field required",
            "type": "value_error.missing",
        }
    ]
}


def test_post_form_no_body():
    response = client.post("/files/")

import pytest
from dirty_equals import IsDict
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client():
    from docs_src.request_form_models.tutorial001 import app

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


def test_post_body_form(client: TestClient):
    response = client.post("/login/", data={"username": "Foo", "password": "secret"})
    assert response.status_code == 200

import pytest
from dirty_equals import IsDict
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client():
    from docs_src.request_forms.tutorial001 import app

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


def test_post_body_form(client: TestClient):
    response = client.post("/login/", data={"username": "Foo", "password": "secret"})
    assert response.status_code == 200

Um beispielsweise eine weitere Response mit dem Statuscode `404` und einem Pydantic-Modell `Message` zu deklarieren, können Sie schreiben:

```Python hl_lines="18  22"
{!../../docs_src/additional_responses/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// note | "Hinweis"

Beachten Sie, dass Sie die `JSONResponse` direkt zurückgeben müssen.

///

/// info

Der `model`-Schlüssel ist nicht Teil von OpenAPI.

For example, to declare another response with a status code `404` and a Pydantic model `Message`, you can write:

```Python hl_lines="18  22"
{!../../docs_src/additional_responses/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// note

Keep in mind that you have to return the `JSONResponse` directly.

///

/// info

The `model` key is not part of OpenAPI.

但是你也希望它能够接受新的条目。并且当这些条目不存在时，会自动创建并返回 201 「创建」的 HTTP 状态码。

要实现它，导入 `JSONResponse`，然后在其中直接返回你的内容，并将 `status_code` 设置为为你要的值。

```Python hl_lines="4  25"
{!../../docs_src/additional_status_codes/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// warning | "警告"

当你直接返回一个像上面例子中的 `Response` 对象时，它会直接返回。

FastAPI 不会用模型等对该响应进行序列化。

确保其中有你想要的数据，且返回的值为合法的 JSON（如果你使用 `JSONResponse` 的话）。

///

/// note | "技术细节"