* method) of a map. Can't be invoked directly; please see {@link
 * com.google.common.collect.testing.MapTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author Chris Povirk
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests {@code remove} operations on a collection. Can't be invoked
 * directly; please see {@link com.google.common.collect.testing.CollectionTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author George van den Driessche
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")
// @Ignore affects the Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.

        from ._compat.v2 import with_info_plain_validator_function

        return with_info_plain_validator_function(cls._validate)


class DefaultPlaceholder:
    """
    You shouldn't use this class directly.

    It's used internally to recognize when a default value has been overwritten, even
    if the overridden default value was truthy.
    """

    def __init__(self, value: Any):
        self.value = value

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests {@code add(int, Object)} operations on a list. Can't be invoked
 * directly; please see {@link com.google.common.collect.testing.ListTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author Chris Povirk
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")
// @Ignore affects the Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.

import org.junit.Ignore;

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests {@code set()} operations on a list. Can't be invoked directly;
 * please see {@link com.google.common.collect.testing.ListTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author George van den Driessche
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")
// @Ignore affects the Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.

import java.util.AbstractSet;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * A base implementation of {@link NetworkConnections} for directed networks.
 *
 * @author James Sexton
 * @param <N> Node parameter type
 * @param <E> Edge parameter type
 */
abstract class AbstractDirectedNetworkConnections<N, E> implements NetworkConnections<N, E> {

### Return a Response Directly { #return-a-response-directly }

The most common case would be [returning a Response directly as explained later in the advanced docs](../advanced/response-directly.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

{* ../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial003_02_py39.py hl[8,10:11] *}

import org.junit.Ignore;

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests operations on a NavigableMap. Can't be invoked directly; please
 * see {@code NavigableMapTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author Jesse Wilson
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@GwtIncompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")
// @Ignore affects the Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.

import org.junit.Ignore;

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests operations on a NavigableSet. Can't be invoked directly; please
 * see {@code NavigableSetTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author Jesse Wilson
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@GwtIncompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")
// @Ignore affects the Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.

                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.debug("Cached directory listing failed, falling back to direct query", e);
        }
        
        // Fall back to direct server query
        return directory.performDirectEnumeration();
    }
}
```

## 10. Monitoring and Metrics

### 10.1 Directory Cache Statistics