### `**user_in.dict()`について

#### Pydanticの`.dict()`

`user_in`は`UserIn`クラスのPydanticモデルです。

Pydanticモデルには、モデルのデータを含む`dict`を返す`.dict()`メソッドがあります。

そこで、以下のようなPydanticオブジェクト`user_in`を作成すると:

```Python
user_in = UserIn(username="john", password="secret", email="******@****.***")
```

そして呼び出すと:

```Python
user_dict = user_in.dict()
```

Como en el ejemplo anterior obtuvimos `user_dict` de `user_in.dict()`, este código:

```Python
user_dict = user_in.dict()
UserInDB(**user_dict)
```

sería equivalente a:

```Python
UserInDB(**user_in.dict())
```

...porque `user_in.dict()` es un `dict`, y luego hacemos que Python lo "desempaquete" al pasarlo a `UserInDB` con el prefijo `**`.

    go install github.com/microsoft/go-sqlcmd/cmd/sqlcmd@latest || true
    for query in \
      "IF DB_ID('gorm') IS NULL CREATE DATABASE gorm" \
      "IF SUSER_ID (N'gorm') IS NULL CREATE LOGIN gorm WITH PASSWORD = 'LoremIpsum86';" \
      "IF USER_ID (N'gorm') IS NULL CREATE USER gorm FROM LOGIN gorm; ALTER SERVER ROLE sysadmin ADD MEMBER [gorm];"
    do
      SQLCMDPASSWORD=LoremIpsum86 sqlcmd -U sa -S localhost:9930 -Q "$query" > /dev/null || true

            "current_user": {
                "user": "user_1",
                "scopes": ["me"],
                "db_session": "db_session_1",
            },
        },
        "user_items": {
            "user_items": "user_items_1",
            "user_me": {
                "user_me": "user_me_2",
                "current_user": {
                    "user": "user_2",
                    "scopes": ["items", "me"],

`BaseUser` has the base fields. Then `UserIn` inherits from `BaseUser` and adds the `password` field, so, it will include all the fields from both models.

We annotate the function return type as `BaseUser`, but we are actually returning a `UserIn` instance.

`BaseUser` tem os campos base. Então `UserIn` herda de `BaseUser` e adiciona o campo `password`, então, ele incluirá todos os campos de ambos os modelos.

Anotamos o tipo de retorno da função como `BaseUser`, mas na verdade estamos retornando uma instância `UserIn`.

client = TestClient(app)


@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    ("user_id", "expected_response"),
    [
        ("me", {"user_id": "the current user"}),
        ("alice", {"user_id": "alice"}),
    ],
)
def test_get_users(user_id: str, expected_response: dict):
    response = client.get(f"/users/{user_id}")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == expected_response

```JSON
{
  "detail": "Not authenticated"
}
```

### Inactive user { #inactive-user }

Now try with an inactive user, authenticate with:

User: `alice`

Password: `secret2`

And try to use the operation `GET` with the path `/users/me`.

You will get an "Inactive user" error, like:

```JSON
{
  "detail": "Inactive user"
}
```

## Recap { #recap }

from fastapi.routing import APIRoute, APIWebSocketRoute
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/users/{user_id}")
async def get_user(user_id: str, request: Request):
    route: APIRoute = request.scope["route"]
    return {"user_id": user_id, "path": route.path}


@app.websocket("/items/{item_id}")
async def websocket_item(item_id: str, websocket: WebSocket):

}

// Limit specify the number of records to be retrieved
//
// Limit conditions can be cancelled by using `Limit(-1)`.
//
//	// retrieve 3 users
//	db.Limit(3).Find(&users)
//	// retrieve 3 users into users1, and all users into users2
//	db.Limit(3).Find(&users1).Limit(-1).Find(&users2)
func (db *DB) Limit(limit int) (tx *DB) {
	tx = db.getInstance()
	tx.Statement.AddClause(clause.Limit{Limit: &limit})
	return
}