* </ul>
 *
 * <p>Disadvantages compared to {@code long[]}:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>Memory footprint has a fixed overhead (about 24 bytes per instance).
 *   <li><i>Some</i> construction use cases force the data to be copied (though several construction
 *       APIs are offered that don't).
 *   <li>Can't be passed directly to methods that expect {@code long[]} (though the most common
 *       utilities do have replacements here).

 * </ul>
 *
 * <p>Disadvantages compared to {@code int[]}:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>Memory footprint has a fixed overhead (about 24 bytes per instance).
 *   <li><i>Some</i> construction use cases force the data to be copied (though several construction
 *       APIs are offered that don't).
 *   <li>Can't be passed directly to methods that expect {@code int[]} (though the most common
 *       utilities do have replacements here).

        // is a first step. There are several replacements below, in order to normalize
        // the path character before we operate on the string as a regex input, and
        // in order to avoid surprises with the File construction...
        // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        String path = System.getProperty(altLocationSysProp);

        if (path == null || path.isEmpty()) {

    }

    /**
     * Validate that the constructor masks the supplied value to its
     * lowest 8 bits (NdrShort incorrectly masks to 8 bits even though it's a short).
     */
    @ParameterizedTest
    @ValueSource(ints = { 0, 1, 255, -1, 256, 65535 })
    void constructorMasksValue(int input) {
        NdrShort ns = new NdrShort(input);
        // NdrShort masks to 0xFF (8 bits) in its constructor
        int expected = input & 0xFF;

        lifecycleStarter.execute(session);
    }

    // These methods deal with construction intact Plugin object that look like they come from a standard
    // <plugin/> block in a Maven POM. We have to do some wiggling to pull the sources of information
    // together and this really shows the problem of constructing a sensible default configuration, but
    // it's all encapsulated here so it appears normalized to the POM builder.

##### Figure 1 - Secure Channel construction

```

/**
 * Comprehensive test suite for NdrShort class
 * Tests construction, encoding, decoding, and edge cases
 */
@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
@DisplayName("NdrShort Test Suite")
class NdrShortTest {

    @Mock
    private NdrBuffer mockBuffer;

    @Nested
    @DisplayName("Constructor Tests")
    class ConstructorTests {

        @ParameterizedTest

 *
 * <p><b>Warning:</b> {@code ArrayTable} is rarely the {@link Table} implementation you want. First,
 * it requires that the complete universe of rows and columns be specified at construction time.
 * Second, it is always backed by an array large enough to hold a value for every possible
 * combination of row and column keys. (This is rarely optimal unless the table is extremely dense.)

        // Act & Assert
        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> handler.openConnection(null), "Null URL should throw NPE");
        verify(mockCtx, never()).getConfig(); // no interaction expected on failure before construction
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("openConnection uses SingletonContext when no context provided")
    void testOpenConnection_UsesSingletonContext() throws Exception {
        // Arrange

        AppConfigurationEntry[] entries = cfg.getAppConfigurationEntry("ignored");
        Map<String, ?> returned = entries[0].getOptions();

        // Assert: sanity check and verify that no mutating calls were made after construction
        assertEquals("true", returned.get("refreshKrb5Config"));
        verify(spyOpts, never()).put(any(), any());
        verify(spyOpts, never()).remove(any());
        verify(spyOpts, never()).clear();
    }