* the License.
 */

package com.google.common.io;

import com.google.caliper.BeforeExperiment;
import com.google.caliper.Benchmark;
import com.google.caliper.Param;
import com.google.caliper.api.VmOptions;
import com.google.common.base.Optional;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;

### `HTMLResponse` { #htmlresponse }

Takes some text or bytes and returns an HTML response, as you read above.

### `PlainTextResponse` { #plaintextresponse }

Takes some text or bytes and returns a plain text response.

{* ../../docs_src/custom_response/tutorial005.py hl[2,7,9] *}

### `JSONResponse` { #jsonresponse }

Takes some data and returns an `application/json` encoded response.

## Other middlewares { #other-middlewares }

There are many other ASGI middlewares.

For example:

* <a href="https://github.com/encode/uvicorn/blob/master/uvicorn/middleware/proxy_headers.py" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn's `ProxyHeadersMiddleware`</a>
* <a href="https://github.com/florimondmanca/msgpack-asgi" class="external-link" target="_blank">MessagePack</a>

 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.google.common.testing;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
import static junit.framework.Assert.assertEquals;
import static junit.framework.Assert.assertTrue;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import com.google.common.base.Equivalence;
import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
import com.google.common.testing.RelationshipTester.Item;

It is also built to work as a future reference so you can come back and see exactly what you need.

## Run the code { #run-the-code }

All the code blocks can be copied and used directly (they are actually tested Python files).

To run any of the examples, copy the code to a file `main.py`, and start `fastapi dev` with:

<div class="termy">

```console

[codeofconduct_at]: mailto:codeofconduct@squareup.com
[twitter_coc]: https://github.com/twitter/code-of-conduct/blob/master/code-of-conduct.md
[ubuntu_coc]: https://ubuntu.com/community/code-of-conduct
[gdc_coc]: https://www.gdconf.com/code-of-conduct

import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.SECONDS;

import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
import com.google.common.base.Stopwatch;
import com.google.common.testing.NullPointerTester;
import com.google.common.testing.TearDown;
import com.google.common.testing.TearDownStack;
import com.google.errorprone.annotations.CanIgnoreReturnValue;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.Date;

In many frameworks and systems just handling security and authentication takes a big amount of effort and code (in many cases it can be 50% or more of all the code written).

**FastAPI** provides several tools to help you deal with **Security** easily, rapidly, in a standard way, without having to study and learn all the security specifications.

But first, let's check some small concepts.

## In a hurry? { #in-a-hurry }

        All that, on top of all the incredible help provided by a bunch of community members, the [FastAPI Experts](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/fastapi-people/#experts), that give a lot of their time to come here and help others.

        That's a lot of work they are doing, but if more FastAPI users came to help others like them just a little bit more, it would be much less effort for them (and you and me 😅).

 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.google.common.testing;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
import static junit.framework.Assert.assertEquals;
import static junit.framework.Assert.assertTrue;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import com.google.common.base.Equivalence;
import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
import com.google.common.testing.RelationshipTester.Item;