if _, err := parseCopyPartRangeSpec(rangeString); err == nil {
			t.Fatalf("expected: an error, got: <nil> for range %s", rangeString)
		}
	}

	// Test error range strings.
	errorRangeString := []string{
		"bytes=10-10",
		"bytes=20-30",
	}
	for _, rangeString := range errorRangeString {
		rs, err := parseCopyPartRangeSpec(rangeString)
		if err == nil {
			err1 := checkCopyPartRangeWithSize(rs, objectSize)

    }


    @Test
    public void testReadWrite () throws IOException {
        try ( SmbFile f = createTestFile() ) {
            try {
                int bufSize = 4096;
                long l = 1024;
                try ( SmbRandomAccessFile raf = new SmbRandomAccessFile(f, "rw") ) {
                    writeRandom(bufSize, l, raf);
                    assertEquals(l, raf.getFilePointer());

```Python hl_lines="6  11"
{!> ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial006.py!}
```

////

### 오류 발생시키기

다음 의존성은 기존 의존성과 동일하게 예외를 `raise`를 일으킬 수 있습니다:

//// tab | Python 3.9+

```Python hl_lines="10  15"
{!> ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial006_an_py39.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="9  14"
{!> ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial006_an.py!}
```

////

pkg syscall (freebsd-386), type Stat_t struct, Rdev uint64
pkg syscall (freebsd-386), type Stat_t struct, Spare [10]uint64
pkg syscall (freebsd-386), type Statfs_t struct, Mntfromname [1024]int8
pkg syscall (freebsd-386), type Statfs_t struct, Mntonname [1024]int8
pkg syscall (freebsd-386-cgo), const S_IRWXG = 56
pkg syscall (freebsd-386-cgo), const S_IRWXG ideal-int
pkg syscall (freebsd-386-cgo), const S_IRWXO = 7

To do that, you can create a response as described in [Return a Response Directly](response-directly.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

Then set Cookies in it, and then return it:

```Python hl_lines="10-12"
{!../../docs_src/response_cookies/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// tip

Keep in mind that if you return a response directly instead of using the `Response` parameter, FastAPI will return it directly.

```

////

### Levantando exceções

Essas dependências podem levantar exceções, da mesma forma que dependências comuns:

//// tab | Python 3.9+

```Python hl_lines="10  15"
{!> ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial006_an_py39.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="9  14"
{!> ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial006_an.py!}
```

////

    assertEquals(10, counter.read(new byte[10]));
    assertEquals(10, counter.getCount());
  }

  public void testReadArrayRange() throws IOException {
    assertEquals(3, counter.read(new byte[10], 1, 3));
    assertEquals(3, counter.getCount());
  }

  public void testSkip() throws IOException {
    assertEquals(10, counter.skip(10));
    assertEquals(10, counter.getCount());
  }

你也可以在依赖项中声明`Response`参数，并在其中设置头部（和cookies）。

## 直接返回 `Response`

你也可以在直接返回`Response`时添加头部。

按照[直接返回响应](response-directly.md){.internal-link target=_blank}中所述创建响应，并将头部作为附加参数传递：
```Python hl_lines="10-12"
{!../../docs_src/response_headers/tutorial001.py!}
```


/// note | "技术细节"

你也可以使用`from starlette.responses import Response`或`from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`。

)

func BenchmarkRingBuffer_Sync(b *testing.B) {
	rb := New(1024)
	data := []byte(strings.Repeat("a", 512))
	buf := make([]byte, 512)

	b.ResetTimer()
	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
		rb.Write(data)
		rb.Read(buf)
	}
}

func BenchmarkRingBuffer_AsyncRead(b *testing.B) {
	// Pretty useless benchmark, but it's here for completeness.
	rb := New(1024)
	data := []byte(strings.Repeat("a", 512))
	buf := make([]byte, 512)

            + "]";
    assertEquals(expected, escapeAsString(e, TEST_STRING));
  }

  public void testGrowBuffer() { // need to grow past an initial 1024 byte buffer
    StringBuilder input = new StringBuilder();
    StringBuilder expected = new StringBuilder();
    for (int i = 256; i < 1024; i++) {
      input.append((char) i);
      expected.append("[" + i + "]");
    }