had a severe bug where web sockets were closed on the wrong thread, which caused
    `NullPointerException` crashes in `Deflater`.

 *  Fix: Don't crash after a web socket fails its connection upgrade. We incorrectly released
    the web socket's connections back to the pool before their resources were cleaned up.

versions of FastAPI before 0.99.0 (0.99.0 and above use the newer OpenAPI 3.1.0) when you used `example` or `examples` with any of the other utilities (`Query()`, `Body()`, etc.) those examples were not added to the JSON Schema that describes that data (not even to OpenAPI's own version of JSON Schema), they were added directly to the *path operation* declaration in OpenAPI (outside the parts of OpenAPI that use JSON Schema).

But now that FastAPI 0.99.0 and above uses OpenAPI 3.1.0, that uses...

        authenticationManager.addChain(chain1);
        authenticationManager.addChain(chain2);
        authenticationManager.addChain(chain3);

        // Verify all chains were added by testing their effect
        User user = createTestUser("testuser");
        authenticationManager.insert(user);

        assertEquals(1, chain1.updateCallCount);
        assertEquals(1, chain2.updateCallCount);

	}

	DB.Migrator().DropTable(&Post{}, &Category{}, "post_categories")
	DB.AutoMigrate(&Post{}, &Category{})

	post := Post{
		Title: "Hello World",
		Categories: []*Category{
			{Title: "Coding"},
			{Title: "Golang"},
		},
	}

	if err := DB.Create(&post).Error; err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Failed, got error: %v", err)
	}
}

## Example

### Create it

Create a file `main.py` with:

```Python
from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: str | None = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">

## 範例 { #example }

### 建立 { #create-it }

建立檔案 `main.py`，內容如下：

```Python
from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: str | None = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">
<summary>或使用 <code>async def</code>...</summary>

        findLatest("slf4j", "org.slf4j:slf4j-api:[2.0.17,)", versionProperties)

        // Starting with ScalaTest 3.1.0, the third party integration were moved out of the main JAR
        findLatest("scalatest", "org.scalatest:scalatest_${versionProperties["scala"]}:[3.1,)", versionProperties)

        // Test toString with buffer containing non-printable characters or special unicode
        String unicodeChars = "你好世界"; // "Hello World" in Chinese
        UnicodeString unicodeStringChinese = new UnicodeString(unicodeChars, false);
        assertEquals(unicodeChars, unicodeStringChinese.toString(), "toString should handle unicode characters correctly");

      }
    }

    @Override
    public CharSource asCharSource(Charset charset) {
      if (options.length == 0) {
        // If no OpenOptions were passed, delegate to Files.lines, which could have performance
        // advantages. (If OpenOptions were passed we can't, because Files.lines doesn't have an
        // overload taking OpenOptions, meaning we can't guarantee the same behavior w.r.t. things

a fake `HostnameVerifier` or `X509TrustManager`.

Certificate Authorities
-----------------------

The above example uses a self-signed certificate. This is convenient for testing but not
representative of real-world HTTPS deployment. To get closer to that we can use `HeldCertificate`
to generate a trusted root certificate, an intermediate certificate, and a server certificate.