* known to be valid. If the {@code specifier} might be invalid, use {@link #from(String)}
   * instead.
   *
   * <p>The specifier must be in one of these formats:
   *
   * <ul>
   *   <li>A domain name, like {@code google.com}
   *   <li>A IPv4 address string, like {@code 127.0.0.1}

This tutorial shows you how to use **FastAPI** with most of its features, step by step.

Each section gradually builds on the previous ones, but it's structured to separate topics, so that you can go directly to any specific one to solve your specific API needs.

It is also built to work as a future reference so you can come back and see exactly what you need.

## Run the code { #run-the-code }

   *       the same.
   *   <li>The special characters ".", "-", "*", and "_" remain the same.
   *   <li>The space character " " is converted into a plus sign "+".
   *   <li>All other characters are converted into one or more bytes using UTF-8 encoding and each
   *       byte is then represented by the 3-character string "%XY", where "XY" is the two-digit,
   *       uppercase, hexadecimal representation of the byte value.
   * </ul>
   *

# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
# distributed with this work for additional information
# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

# proto-file: devtools/build_cleaner/proto/actions.proto
# proto-message: ActionSpecs

# Python rules should not have more than one source file.
action_spec {
  action: CHECK_FILE_COUNT
  file_count_params {
    rule_selector {
      rule_kind_regex: "^.*py(type)?(_strict)?_(binary|library|test).*$"
      generator_function_regex: "^(?!boq_header)$"
    }
    max_source_count: 1
  }

blank_issues_enabled: true
contact_links:
  - name: Questions
    about: Please use one of the forums for questions or general discussions

    int initialSize = getMap().size();
    assertEquals("remove(present) should return the associated value", v0(), getMap().remove(k0()));
    assertEquals(
        "remove(present) should decrease a map's size by one.", initialSize - 1, getMap().size());
    expectMissing(e0());
  }

  @MapFeature.Require({FAILS_FAST_ON_CONCURRENT_MODIFICATION, SUPPORTS_REMOVE})
  @CollectionSize.Require(SEVERAL)

 * public <N> someGraphAlgorithm(N startNode, PredecessorsFunction<N> predecessorsFunction);
 * }
 *
 * you will invoke it depending on the graph representation you're using.
 *
 * <p>If you have an instance of one of the primary {@code common.graph} types ({@link Graph},
 * {@link ValueGraph}, and {@link Network}):
 *
 * {@snippet :
 * someGraphAlgorithm(startNode, graph);
 * }
 *

 * {@snippet :
 * public <N> someGraphAlgorithm(N startNode, SuccessorsFunction<N> successorsFunction);
 * }
 *
 * you will invoke it depending on the graph representation you're using.
 *
 * <p>If you have an instance of one of the primary {@code common.graph} types ({@link Graph},
 * {@link ValueGraph}, and {@link Network}):
 *
 * {@snippet :
 * someGraphAlgorithm(startNode, graph);
 * }
 *

   * non-nullable {@code cause}, as many users expect to find one.
   */
  public ExecutionError(@Nullable String message, @Nullable Error cause) {
    super(message, cause);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a new instance with {@code null} as its detail message and the given cause. Prefer to
   * provide a non-nullable {@code cause}, as many users expect to find one.
   */
  public ExecutionError(@Nullable Error cause) {