Це дозволяє використовувати `pytest` без зайвих ускладнень.

///

/// note | Технічні деталі

Ви також можете використовувати `from starlette.testclient import TestClient`.

**FastAPI** надає той самий `starlette.testclient` під назвою `fastapi.testclient` для зручності розробників, але він безпосередньо походить із Starlette.

///

/// tip | Порада

import importlib

import pytest
from dirty_equals import IsList
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py310

UNTYPED_LIST_SCHEMA = {"type": "array", "items": {}}

LIST_OF_STR_SCHEMA = {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}}

SET_OF_STR_SCHEMA = {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}, "uniqueItems": True}


@pytest.fixture(
    name="mod_name",
    params=[

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from fastapi.websockets import WebSocket

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
async def read_main():
    return {"msg": "Hello World"}


@app.websocket("/ws")
async def websocket(websocket: WebSocket):
    await websocket.accept()
    await websocket.send_json({"msg": "Hello WebSocket"})
    await websocket.close()


def test_read_main():

    client = TestClient(mod.app)
    return client


def test_get_car(client: TestClient):
    response = client.get("/items/item1")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {
        "description": "All my friends drive a low rider",
        "type": "car",
    }


def test_get_plane(client: TestClient):
    response = client.get("/items/item2")

# 异步测试

您已经了解了如何使用 `TestClient` 测试 **FastAPI** 应用程序。但是到目前为止，您只了解了如何编写同步测试，而没有使用 `async` 异步函数。

在测试中能够使用异步函数可能会很有用，比如当您需要异步查询数据库的时候。想象一下，您想要测试向 FastAPI 应用程序发送请求，然后验证您的后端是否成功在数据库中写入了正确的数据，与此同时您使用了异步的数据库的库。

让我们看看如何才能实现这一点。

## pytest.mark.anyio

如果我们想在测试中调用异步函数，那么我们的测试函数必须是异步的。 AnyIO 为此提供了一个简洁的插件，它允许我们指定一些测试函数要异步调用。

## HTTPX

即使您的 **FastAPI** 应用程序使用普通的 `def` 函数而不是 `async def` ，它本质上仍是一个 `async` 异步应用程序。

      "https://connect.squareup.com/robots.txt",
    )

  println("TLS1.3+TLS1.2")
  testClient(urls, buildClient(ConnectionSpec.RESTRICTED_TLS))

  println("\nTLS1.3 only")
  testClient(urls, buildClient(TLS_13))

  println("\nTLS1.3 then fallback")
  testClient(urls, buildClient(TLS_13, TLS_12))

from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from inline_snapshot import snapshot
from pydantic import BaseModel, HttpUrl
from starlette.responses import JSONResponse


class CustomModel(BaseModel):
    a: int


app = FastAPI()

callback_router = APIRouter(default_response_class=JSONResponse)


@callback_router.get(
    "{$callback_url}/callback/", responses={400: {"model": CustomModel}}
)

from typing import Optional

import pytest
from fastapi import Cookie, FastAPI, Header, Path, Query
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/hidden_cookie")
async def hidden_cookie(
    hidden_cookie: Optional[str] = Cookie(default=None, include_in_schema=False),
):
    return {"hidden_cookie": hidden_cookie}


@app.get("/hidden_header")
async def hidden_header(

import pytest
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py310


@pytest.fixture(
    name="client",
    params=[
        "tutorial001_py39",
        pytest.param("tutorial001_py310", marks=needs_py310),
    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):
    mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.body_updates.{request.param}")

    client = TestClient(mod.app)
    return client

import pytest
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from inline_snapshot import snapshot


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def client_fixture() -> TestClient:
    from pydantic import BaseModel

    class Address(BaseModel):
        """
        This is a public description of an Address
        \f
        You can't see this part of the docstring, it's private!
        """

        line_1: str