sponsors_token: SecretStr
    pr_token: SecretStr
    github_repository: str
    httpx_timeout: int = 30


def get_graphql_response(
    *,
    settings: Settings,
    query: str,
    after: str | None = None,
) -> dict[str, Any]:
    headers = {"Authorization": f"token {settings.sponsors_token.get_secret_value()}"}
    variables = {"after": after}
    response = httpx.post(
        github_graphql_url,

            "price": 50.5,
            "description": None,
            "tax": None,
        },
        "user": {"username": "Dave", "full_name": None},
    }


def test_put_missing_body(client: TestClient):
    response = client.put("/items/5")
    assert response.status_code == 422
    assert response.json() == {
        "detail": [
            {
                "input": None,
                "loc": [

## 선택적 매개변수

같은 방법으로 기본값을 `None`으로 설정하여 선택적 매개변수를 선언할 수 있습니다:

{* ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002.py hl[9] *}

이 경우 함수 매개변수 `q`는 선택적이며 기본값으로 `None` 값이 됩니다.

/// check | 확인

**FastAPI**는 `item_id`가 경로 매개변수이고 `q`는 경로 매개변수가 아닌 쿼리 매개변수라는 것을 알 정도로 충분히 똑똑합니다.

///

/// note | 참고

FastAPI는 `q`가 `= None`이므로 선택적이라는 것을 인지합니다.

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    price: float
    is_offer: Union[bool, None] = None


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):

class Item(BaseModel):
    name: Union[str, None] = None
    description: Union[str, None] = None
    price: Union[float, None] = None
    tax: float = 10.5
    tags: list[str] = []


items = {
    "foo": {"name": "Foo", "price": 50.2},
    "bar": {"name": "Bar", "description": "The bartenders", "price": 62, "tax": 20.2},
    "baz": {"name": "Baz", "description": None, "price": 50.2, "tax": 10.5, "tags": []},
}

        raise ValueError('Invalid ID format, it must start with "isbn-" or "imdb-"')
    return id


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(
    id: Annotated[Union[str, None], AfterValidator(check_valid_id)] = None,
):
    if id:
        item = data.get(id)
    else:
        id, item = random.choice(list(data.items()))

```Python
q: Union[str, None] = None
```

Ou como em Python 3.10 e versões superiores:

```Python
q: str | None = None
```

Por exemplo:

{* ../../docs_src/body_multiple_params/tutorial004_an_py310.py hl[28] *}

/// info | Informação

		for i := range erasureDisks[:8] {
			erasureDisks[i] = nil
		}
		return erasureDisks
	}
	z.serverPools[0].erasureDisksMu.Unlock()

	t.Run("if-none-match with read quorum failure", func(t *testing.T) {
		// Test Case 1: if-none-match (create only if doesn't exist)
		// With if-none-match: *, this should only succeed if object doesn't exist.
		// Since read quorum fails, we can't determine if object exists.
		opts := ObjectOptions{

from sqlmodel import Field, Session, SQLModel, create_engine

engine = create_engine("postgresql+psycopg://postgres:postgres@localhost/db")


class User(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str


app = FastAPI()


def get_session():
    with Session(engine) as session:
        yield session

        "lib/gcc/arm-rpi-linux-gnueabihf/**",
        "include/**",
    ]),
)

filegroup(
    name = "aarch64_compiler_pieces",
    srcs = glob([
        "aarch64-none-linux-gnu/**",
        "libexec/**",
        "lib/gcc/aarch64-none-linux-gnu/**",
        "include/**",
    ]),
)

filegroup(
    name = "compiler_components",
    srcs = [
        ":ar",
        ":as",
        ":gcc",