I think `Union[SomeType, None]` is more explicit about what it means.

It's just about the words and names. But those words can affect how you and your teammates think about the code.

As an example, let's take this function:

```python
from typing import Optional


def say_hi(name: Optional[str]):
    print(f"Hey {name}!")
```

        // Null username should be handled gracefully
        assertTrue(rateLimiter.checkAttempt(null, "192.168.1.8"), "Null username should be allowed");

        // Should not affect IP limiting
        rateLimiter.recordFailure(null, "192.168.1.8");
        assertTrue(rateLimiter.checkAttempt("realuser", "192.168.1.8"), "Should still track IP");
    }

    @Test

### Use the submodel as a type { #use-the-submodel-as-a-type }

And then we can use it as the type of an attribute:

{* ../../docs_src/body_nested_models/tutorial004_py310.py hl[18] *}

This would mean that **FastAPI** would expect a body similar to:

```JSON
{
    "name": "Foo",
    "description": "The pretender",
    "price": 42.0,
    "tax": 3.2,
    "tags": ["rock", "metal", "bar"],
    "image": {

	} else if u.Name != user.Name || u.ID != user.ID {
		t.Errorf("found invalid user, got %v, expect %v", u, user)
	}

	if u, err := gorm.G[User](DB).Where("name = ?", user.Name).Take(ctx); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("failed to find user, got error: %v", err)
	} else if u.Name != user.Name || u.ID != user.ID {
		t.Errorf("found invalid user, got %v, expect %v", u, user)
	}

 */

package com.google.common.reflect;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;

import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import com.google.common.testing.EqualsTester;
import com.google.common.testing.SerializableTester;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;

 * or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
 * the License.
 */

package com.google.common.reflect;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument;

import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Captures a free type variable that can be used in {@link TypeToken#where}. For example:

    this.spliteratorSuppliers = checkNotNull(spliteratorSuppliers);
  }

  @SafeVarargs
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public final Ordered expect(Object... elements) {
    return expect(asList(elements));
  }

  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public final Ordered expect(Iterable<?> elements) {
    List<List<E>> resultsForAllStrategies = new ArrayList<>();

    this.spliteratorSuppliers = checkNotNull(spliteratorSuppliers);
  }

  @SafeVarargs
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public final Ordered expect(Object... elements) {
    return expect(asList(elements));
  }

  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public final Ordered expect(Iterable<?> elements) {
    List<List<E>> resultsForAllStrategies = new ArrayList<>();

* It exposes an actual Python [`SpooledTemporaryFile`](https://docs.python.org/3/library/tempfile.html#tempfile.SpooledTemporaryFile) object that you can pass directly to other libraries that expect a file-like object.

### `UploadFile` { #uploadfile }

`UploadFile` has the following attributes:

* `filename`: A `str` with the original file name that was uploaded (e.g. `myimage.jpg`).

  @GwtIncompatible // sqrt
  public void testSqrtExactMatchesFloorOrThrows() {
    for (int x : POSITIVE_INTEGER_CANDIDATES) {
      int floor = IntMath.sqrt(x, FLOOR);
      // We only expect an exception if x was not a perfect square.
      boolean isPerfectSquare = floor * floor == x;
      try {
        assertEquals(floor, IntMath.sqrt(x, UNNECESSARY));
        assertTrue(isPerfectSquare);