FastAPI 會使用那個暫時性的回應來擷取標頭（還有 Cookie 與狀態碼），並把它們放到最終回應中；最終回應包含你回傳的值，且會依任何 `response_model` 進行過濾。

你也可以在依賴中宣告 `Response` 參數，並在其中設定標頭（與 Cookie）。

## 直接回傳 `Response` { #return-a-response-directly }

當你直接回傳 `Response` 時，也能加入標頭。

依照[直接回傳 Response](response-directly.md)中的說明建立回應，並把標頭作為額外參數傳入：

{* ../../docs_src/response_headers/tutorial001_py310.py hl[10:12] *}

/// note | 技術細節

        errorResponse.message(testMessage);
        errorResponse.status(Status.BAD_REQUEST);
        ApiResult result = errorResponse.result();

        assertNotNull(result);
        // Cannot directly access protected fields, just verify the result is not null
    }

    // Test configuration for JSON response
    @Test
    public void test_configurationSettings() {

application/x-bcpio            bcpio            #
application/x-cpio             cpio             #
application/x-csh              csh              # C-Shell Program
application/x-director         dcr              # Director File
application/x-dvi              dvi              # TeX dvi Format
application/x-gtar             gtar             # Gzip and Tar file
application/x-gzip             gz tgz           # Gzip and Tar file

`Response` パラメータは依存関係でも宣言でき、そこで Cookie（やヘッダー）を設定することも可能です。

## `Response` を直接返す { #return-a-response-directly }

コードで `Response` を直接返すときに、Cookie を作成することもできます。

そのためには、[Response を直接返す](response-directly.md) で説明されているとおりにレスポンスを作成します。

そのレスポンスに Cookie を設定してから返します:

{* ../../docs_src/response_cookies/tutorial001_py310.py hl[10:12] *}

/// tip | 豆知識

        List<CIInfo> detected = CIDetectorHelper.detectCI();
        if (detected.isEmpty()) {
            return null;
        } else if (detected.size() > 1) {
            // warn
            context.parserRequest
                    .logger()
                    .warn("Multiple CI systems detected: "
                            + detected.stream().map(CIInfo::name).collect(Collectors.joining(", ")));

# Middleware

There are several middlewares available provided by Starlette directly.

Read more about them in the [FastAPI docs for Middleware](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/middleware/).

::: fastapi.middleware.cors.CORSMiddleware

It can be imported from `fastapi`:

```python
from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
```

::: fastapi.middleware.gzip.GZipMiddleware

It can be imported from `fastapi`:

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests {@code removeAll} operations on a collection. Can't be invoked
 * directly; please see {@link com.google.common.collect.testing.CollectionTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author George van den Driessche
 * @author Chris Povirk
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests {@code addAll(int, Collection)} operations on a list. Can't be
 * invoked directly; please see {@link com.google.common.collect.testing.ListTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author Chris Povirk
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")
// @Ignore affects the Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.

import org.junit.Ignore;

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests operations on a SortedMap. Can't be invoked directly; please see
 * {@code SortedMapTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author Jesse Wilson
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")
// @Ignore affects the Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.

It includes:

* `Query()`
* `Path()`
* `Body()`
* `Cookie()`
* `Header()`
* `Form()`
* `File()`

You can import them all directly from `fastapi`:

```python
from fastapi import Body, Cookie, File, Form, Header, Path, Query
```

::: fastapi.Query

::: fastapi.Path

::: fastapi.Body

::: fastapi.Cookie