Если вы планируете использовать алгоритмы цифровой подписи, такие как RSA или ECDSA, вам следует установить зависимость библиотеки криптографии `pyjwt[crypto]`.

Подробнее об этом можно прочитать в <a href="https://pyjwt.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">документации по установке PyJWT</a>.
///

## Хеширование паролей { #password-hashing }

![delete](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/minio/minio/master/docs/bucket/versioning/versioning_DELETE_versionEnabled.png)

Now the delete marker becomes the current version of the object. GET requests by default always retrieve the latest stored version. So performing a simple GET object request when the current version is a delete marker would return `404` `The specified key does not exist` as shown below:

	// Content-Md5 is required should be set
	// http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/multiobjectdeleteapi.html
	if !validateLengthAndChecksum(r) {
		writeErrorResponse(ctx, w, errorCodes.ToAPIErr(ErrMissingContentMD5), r.URL)
		return
	}

	// Content-Length is required and should be non-zero
	// http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/multiobjectdeleteapi.html
	if r.ContentLength <= 0 {

{* ../../docs_src/openapi_callbacks/tutorial001_py310.py hl[7:11,34:51] *}

/// tip | Tipp

Der Query-Parameter `callback_url` verwendet einen Pydantic-<a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/api/networks/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Url</a>-Typ.

///

Das einzig Neue ist `callbacks=invoices_callback_router.routes` als Argument für den *Pfadoperation-Dekorator*. Wir werden als Nächstes sehen, was das ist.

## Technical Details { #technical-details }

Just a technical detail for the curious nerds. 🤓

Underneath, in the ASGI technical specification, this is part of the <a href="https://asgi.readthedocs.io/en/latest/specs/lifespan.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">Lifespan Protocol</a>, and it defines events called `startup` and `shutdown`.

/// info

## Detalhes técnicos { #technical-details }

Apenas um detalhe técnico para nerds curiosos. 🤓

Por baixo, na especificação técnica do ASGI, isso é parte do <a href="https://asgi.readthedocs.io/en/latest/specs/lifespan.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">Protocolo Lifespan</a>, e define eventos chamados `startup` e `shutdown`.

/// info | Informação

```

### `RequestValidationError` vs `ValidationError`

/// warning | 警告

如果您觉得现在还用不到以下技术细节，可以先跳过下面的内容。

///

`RequestValidationError` 是 Pydantic 的 <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/models/#error-handling" class="external-link" target="_blank">`ValidationError`</a> 的子类。

**FastAPI** 调用的就是 `RequestValidationError` 类，因此，如果在 `response_model` 中使用 Pydantic 模型，且数据有错误时，在日志中就会看到这个错误。

/// tip

Pydantic 是 FastAPI 中所有数据验证和序列化的核心，当你在没有设默认值的情况下使用 `Optional` 或 `Union[Something, None]` 时，它具有特殊行为，你可以在 Pydantic 文档中阅读有关<a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/models/#required-optional-fields" class="external-link" target="_blank">必需可选字段</a>的更多信息。

///

## 查询参数列表 / 多个值

当你使用 `Query` 显式地定义查询参数时，你还可以声明它去接收一组值，或换句话来说，接收多个值。

Zusätzliche optionale Pydantic-Abhängigkeiten:

* <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/usage/pydantic_settings/" target="_blank"><code>pydantic-settings</code></a> – für die Verwaltung von Einstellungen.
* <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/usage/types/extra_types/extra_types/" target="_blank"><code>pydantic-extra-types</code></a> – für zusätzliche Typen zur Verwendung mit Pydantic.

There are some additional dependencies you might want to install.

Additional optional Pydantic dependencies:

* <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/usage/pydantic_settings/" target="_blank"><code>pydantic-settings</code></a> - for settings management.
* <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/usage/types/extra_types/extra_types/" target="_blank"><code>pydantic-extra-types</code></a> - for extra types to be used with Pydantic.