writeLittleEndianInt(dos, totalChars); // totalChars
        writeLittleEndianInt(dos, 0); // unusedChars
        writeLittleEndianInt(dos, totalChars); // usedChars

        // Write the actual characters (as shorts in little-endian)
        for (char c : testString.toCharArray()) {
            writeLittleEndianShort(dos, (short) c);
        }

            byte[] testBuffer = new byte[20];
            int offset = 5;
            ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.wrap(testBuffer).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN);

            // Add padding before actual data
            bb.position(offset);
            bb.putShort((short) 24); // pathConsumed
            bb.putShort((short) 0); // numReferrals
            bb.putShort((short) 10); // tflags

                    context.action("Upgrading from " + currentVersion + " to " + targetModelVersion);

                    // Perform the actual upgrade
                    context.indent();
                    try {
                        Document upgradedDocument =

    class VersionComparisonTests {

        @Test
        @DisplayName("should compare versions correctly")
        void shouldCompareVersionsCorrectly() {
            // Based on the actual implementation, it only handles specific cases
            assertTrue(ModelVersionUtils.isVersionGreaterOrEqual("4.1.0", "4.1.0"));
            assertFalse(ModelVersionUtils.isVersionGreaterOrEqual("4.0.0", "4.1.0"));

    }

    // Helper methods for creating test buffers

    private byte[] createValidDfsReferralBuffer() {
        // Create a buffer representing a valid DFS referral response
        // Need to include space for actual string data
        int stringDataStart = 28; // After the referral structure
        String testPath = "\\server\\share";
        byte[] pathBytes = testPath.getBytes(java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_16LE);

     * pagination metadata and functionality.
     *
     * @param <E> the type of elements in this list
     */
    public static class PagingList<E> implements List<E> {
        /** The underlying list containing the actual data. */
        private final List<E> parent;

        /** The total number of pages available. */
        protected int allPageCount;

        /** The total number of records across all pages. */

        SMBUtil.writeInt2(100000, buffer, 58); // This becomes 34464 due to 16-bit truncation

        // Since 34464 is within the 16-bit range but could still be considered excessive for security buffer,
        // let's test the actual validation logic instead
        byte[] buffer2 = createBasicNegotiateResponseBuffer();
        // Set maximum 16-bit value
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(65535, buffer2, 58);

    @DisplayName("Should handle null maximum version")
    void testNullMaximumVersion() {
        // Given
        when(mockConfig.getMaximumVersion()).thenReturn(null);

        // When/Then - Should throw NPE based on actual implementation
        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> {
            new Smb2NegotiateRequest(mockConfig, 0);
        });
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should properly align buffer writes")

            assertEquals((byte) 0x00, SMBUtil.SMB_HEADER[i]);
        }
    }

    @Test
    void testSMB2Header() {
        assertNotNull(SMBUtil.SMB2_HEADER);
        // The actual header is 68 bytes (4 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 4 + 2 + 2 + 4 + 4 + 8 + 4 + 4 + 8 + 8 + 8 = 68)
        assertEquals(68, SMBUtil.SMB2_HEADER.length);

        // Verify SMB2 header signature

The important thing to remember is that **the first *type parameter*** you pass to `Annotated` is the **actual type**. The rest, is just metadata for other tools.

For now, you just need to know that `Annotated` exists, and that it's standard Python. 😎

Later you will see how **powerful** it can be.

/// tip