{* ../../docs_src/response_directly/tutorial001.py hl[6:7,21:22] *}

/// note | Technical Details

You could also use `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`.

**FastAPI** provides the same `starlette.responses` as `fastapi.responses` just as a convenience for you, the developer. But most of the available responses come directly from Starlette.

///

## Returning a custom `Response` { #returning-a-custom-response }

@GwtCompatible
@NullUnmarked
public class UrlEscapersTest extends TestCase {
  public void testUrlFormParameterEscaper() {
    UnicodeEscaper e = (UnicodeEscaper) urlFormParameterEscaper();
    // Verify that these are the same escaper (as documented)
    assertSame(e, urlFormParameterEscaper());
    assertBasicUrlEscaper(e);

    /*
     * Specified as safe by RFC 2396 but not by java.net.URLEncoder. These tests will start failing

function main() {
	start_port=$(shuf -i 10000-65000 -n 1)
	start_minio ${start_port}

	# Unmount the disk, after the unmount the device id
	# /tmp/xxx/mnt/disk4 will be the same as '/' and it
	# will be detected as root disk
	while [ "$u" != "0" ]; do
		sudo umount ${WORK_DIR}/mnt/disk4/
		u=$?
		sleep 1
	done

	# Wait until MinIO self heal kicks in
	sleep 60

    assertFailsWith<IllegalArgumentException> {
      builder.add("example.com", "sha1/DmxUShsZuNiqPQsX2Oi9uv2sCnw*")
    }
  }

  /** Multiple certificates generated from the same keypair have the same pin.  */
  @Test
  fun sameKeypairSamePin() {
    val heldCertificateA2 =
      HeldCertificate
        .Builder()
        .keyPair(certA1.keyPair)
        .serialNumber(101L)
        .build()

        assertTrue(entry.hasChanges());

        // Clear changes to test next scenario
        entry.markComplete();
        assertFalse(entry.hasChanges());

        // Update with same values - should not mark as changed (no actual change)
        entry.updateChild(childName, 1024L, 1000L, false, 0x20, 500L, 800L);
        assertFalse(entry.hasChanges());

    # your service name, camel case, initial uncapitalised
    ; serviceName = fess

    # package for your domain name, e.g. com.example
    ; domainPackage = org.codelibs.fess

    # keywords for environment properties, same as directory name
    ; environmentList = list:{}

    # environment dispatch by lasta.env of system property?
    ; isUseLastaEnv = false

    # settings for web applications
    ; appMap = map:{

 *       .compare(this.anInt, that.anInt)
 *       .compare(this.anEnum, that.anEnum, Ordering.natural().nullsLast())
 *       .result();
 * }
 * }
 *
 * <p>The value of this expression will have the same sign as the <i>first nonzero</i> comparison
 * result in the chain, or will be zero if every comparison result was zero.
 *
 * <p><b>Note:</b> {@code ComparisonChain} instances are <b>immutable</b>. For this utility to work

   *
   * <p>This is guaranteed to return zero if the dataset contains a single pair of finite values. It
   * is not guaranteed to return zero when the dataset consists of the same pair of values multiple
   * times, due to numerical errors.
   *
   * <h3>Non-finite values</h3>
   *
   * <p>If the dataset contains any non-finite values ({@link Double#POSITIVE_INFINITY}, {@link

   * keys.
   *
   * <p>The method signature specifies {@code R extends Comparable} with a raw {@link Comparable},
   * instead of {@code R extends Comparable<? super R>}, and the same for {@code C}. That's
   * necessary to support classes defined without generics.
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") // https://github.com/google/guava/issues/989

  private EmptyImmutableSetMultimap() {
    super(ImmutableMap.<Object, ImmutableSet<Object>>of(), 0, null);
  }

  /*
   * TODO(b/242884182): Figure out why this helps produce the same class file when we compile most
   * of common.collect a second time with the results of the first compilation on the classpath. Or
   * just back this out once we stop doing that (which we'll do after our internal GWT setup