Puedes asignar el `operationId` de OpenAPI para ser usado en tu *operación de path* con el parámetro `operation_id`.

En este caso tendrías que asegurarte de que sea único para cada operación.

```Python hl_lines="6"
{!../../docs_src/path_operation_advanced_configuration/tutorial001.py!}
```

### Usando el nombre de la *función de la operación de path* en el operationId

## `HTTPException` verwenden

Um HTTP-Responses mit Fehlern zum Client zurückzugeben, verwenden Sie `HTTPException`.

### `HTTPException` importieren

```Python hl_lines="1"
{!../../docs_src/handling_errors/tutorial001.py!}
```

### Eine `HTTPException` in Ihrem Code auslösen

例如，`pip install python-multipart`。

///

## 导入 `File` 与 `Form`

```Python hl_lines="1"
{!../../docs_src/request_forms_and_files/tutorial001.py!}
```

## 定义 `File` 与 `Form` 参数

创建文件和表单参数的方式与 `Body` 和 `Query` 一样：

```Python hl_lines="8"
{!../../docs_src/request_forms_and_files/tutorial001.py!}
```

文件和表单字段作为表单数据上传与接收。

声明文件可以使用 `bytes` 或 `UploadFile` 。

/// warning | "警告"

All we need to do is handle the request inside a `try`/`except` block:

{* ../../docs_src/custom_request_and_route/tutorial002.py hl[13,15] *}

If an exception occurs, the`Request` instance will still be in scope, so we can read and make use of the request body when handling the error:

{* ../../docs_src/custom_request_and_route/tutorial002.py hl[16:18] *}

## Custom `APIRoute` class in a router

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="4  21"
{!> ../../docs_src/encoder/tutorial001_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="5  22"
{!> ../../docs_src/encoder/tutorial001.py!}
```

////

Neste exemplo, ele converteria o modelo Pydantic em um `dict`, e o `datetime` em um `str`.

```Python hl_lines="1  4  7-9"
{!../../docs_src/extending_openapi/tutorial001.py!}
```

### Das OpenAPI-Schema generieren

Verwenden Sie dann dieselbe Hilfsfunktion, um das OpenAPI-Schema innerhalb einer `custom_openapi()`-Funktion zu generieren:

```Python hl_lines="2  15-21"
{!../../docs_src/extending_openapi/tutorial001.py!}
```

### Das OpenAPI-Schema ändern

Por exemplo, para declarar um outro retorno com o status code `404` e um modelo do Pydantic chamado `Message`, você pode escrever:

```Python hl_lines="18  22"
{!../../docs_src/additional_responses/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// note | "Nota"

Lembre-se que você deve retornar o `JSONResponse` diretamente.

///

/// info | "Informação"

A chave `model` não é parte do OpenAPI.

@needs_py39
def test_verify_password():
    from docs_src.security.tutorial005_an_py39 import fake_users_db, verify_password

    assert verify_password("secret", fake_users_db["johndoe"]["hashed_password"])


@needs_py39
def test_get_password_hash():
    from docs_src.security.tutorial005_an_py39 import get_password_hash

    assert get_password_hash("secretalice")

👈, 👥 📣 👩‍🔬 `__call__`:

```Python hl_lines="10"
{!../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial011.py!}
```

👉 💼, 👉 `__call__` ⚫️❔ **FastAPI** 🔜 ⚙️ ✅ 🌖 🔢 & 🎧-🔗, & 👉 ⚫️❔ 🔜 🤙 🚶‍♀️ 💲 🔢 👆 *➡ 🛠️ 🔢* ⏪.

## 🔗 👐

& 🔜, 👥 💪 ⚙️ `__init__` 📣 🔢 👐 👈 👥 💪 ⚙️ "🔗" 🔗:

```Python hl_lines="7"
{!../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial011.py!}
```

⤴️ 👆 💪 ✍ 📄 `templates/item.html` ⏮️:

```jinja hl_lines="7"
{!../../docs_src/templates/templates/item.html!}
```

⚫️ 🔜 🎦 `id` ✊ ⚪️➡️ "🔑" `dict` 👆 🚶‍♀️:

```Python
{"request": request, "id": id}
```

## 📄 & 🎻 📁

& 👆 💪 ⚙️ `url_for()` 🔘 📄, & ⚙️ ⚫️, 🖼, ⏮️ `StaticFiles` 👆 📌.

```jinja hl_lines="4"
{!../../docs_src/templates/templates/item.html!}
```