其中之一是 `PATH` 變數。

/// tip

你可以在 [環境變數](environment-variables.md#path-environment-variable) 部分了解更多關於 `PATH` 環境變數的內容。

///

啟用虛擬環境會將其路徑 `.venv/bin`（在 Linux 和 macOS 上）或 `.venv\Scripts`（在 Windows 上）加入到 `PATH` 環境變數中。

假設在啟用環境之前，`PATH` 變數看起來像這樣：

//// tab | Linux, macOS

```plaintext
/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
```

這意味著系統會在以下目錄中查找程式：

* `/usr/bin`
* `/bin`
* `/usr/sbin`
* `/sbin`

package configurations

import common.Os
import common.buildScanTagParam
import model.CIBuildModel
import model.Stage

class CheckLinks(
    model: CIBuildModel,
    stage: Stage,
) : OsAwareBaseGradleBuildType(os = Os.LINUX, stage = stage, failStage = false, init = {
        id("${model.projectId}_CheckLinks")
        name = "CheckLinks"
        description = "Check links in documentations"

        applyDefaults(
            model,

				<configuration>
					<distribution>Fess</distribution>
					<group>Application/Internet</group>
					<packager>CodeLibs</packager>
					<prefix>/usr</prefix>
					<needarch>noarch</needarch>
					<targetOS>linux</targetOS>
					<changelogFile>src/changelog</changelogFile>
					<defineStatements>
						<defineStatement>_unpackaged_files_terminate_build 0</defineStatement>

## 가상 환경 활성화 { #activate-the-virtual-environment }

이후 실행하는 Python 명령어와 설치하는 패키지가 새 가상 환경을 사용하도록, 새 가상 환경을 활성화하세요.

/// tip

프로젝트 작업을 위해 **새 터미널 세션**을 시작할 때마다 **매번** 이 작업을 하세요.

///

//// tab | Linux, macOS

<div class="termy">

```console
$ source .venv/bin/activate
```

</div>

////

//// tab | Windows PowerShell

<div class="termy">

```console

            - "oraclelinux-8&&immutable"
            - "sles-12&&immutable"
            - "sles-15&&immutable"
            - "ubuntu-18.04&&immutable"
            - "ubuntu-20.04&&immutable"
            - "rocky-linux-8&&immutable"
    builders:
      - inject:
          properties-file: '.ci/java-versions.properties'
          properties-content: |
            JAVA_HOME=$HOME/.java/$ES_BUILD_JAVA

        "springBootAppProjectRef",
        "largeNativeBuildProjectRef",
    )

class LightweightChecks(
    model: CIBuildModel,
    stage: Stage,
) : OsAwareBaseGradleBuildType(
        os = Os.LINUX,
        stage = stage,
        init = {
            id("${model.projectId}_LightweightChecks")
            name = "Lightweight Checks"
            description = "Lightweight checks that don't depend on other builds"

import model.CIBuildModel
import model.Stage

class SmokeIdeTests(
    model: CIBuildModel,
    stage: Stage,
    flakyTestStrategy: FlakyTestStrategy,
) : OsAwareBaseGradleBuildType(os = Os.LINUX, stage = stage, init = {
        val suffix = if (flakyTestStrategy == FlakyTestStrategy.ONLY)"_FlakyTestQuarantine" else ""
        id(buildTypeId(model) + suffix)
        name = "Smoke Ide Tests$suffix"

Переменные окружения могут содержать только текстовые строки, так как они внешние по отношению к Python и должны быть совместимы с другими программами и остальной системой (и даже с разными операционными системами, такими как Linux, Windows, macOS).

Это означает, что любое значение, прочитанное в Python из переменной окружения, будет `str`, а любые преобразования к другим типам или любая валидация должны выполняться в коде.

        description = "Run all flaky tests skipped multiple times"

        applyDefaultSettings(os = os, arch = arch, buildJvm = BuildToolBuildJvm, timeout = 60)

        if (os == Os.LINUX) {
            steps {
                script {
                    // Because we exclude tests in `distributions-integ-tests` below, `@Flaky` won't work in that subproject.

				"application/x-font-bdf",
				"application/x-font-dos",
				"application/x-font-framemaker",
				"application/x-font-ghostscript",
				"application/x-font-libgrx",
				"application/x-font-linux-psf",
				"application/x-font-otf",
				"application/x-font-pcf",
				"application/x-font-snf",
				"application/x-font-speedo",
				"application/x-font-sunos-news",
				"application/x-font-ttf",