`TestClient` 在内部通过一些“魔法”操作，使得您可以在普通的 `def` 测试函数中调用异步的 FastAPI 应用程序，并使用标准的 pytest。但当我们在异步函数中使用它时，这种“魔法”就不再生效了。由于测试以异步方式运行，我们无法在测试函数中继续使用 `TestClient`。

`TestClient` 是基于 <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">HTTPX</a> 的。幸运的是，我们可以直接使用它来测试API。

## 示例

# Without aliases


@app.get("/required-str")
async def read_required_str(p: Annotated[str, Header()]):
    return {"p": p}


class HeaderModelRequiredStr(BaseModel):
    p: str


@app.get("/model-required-str")
async def read_model_required_str(p: Annotated[HeaderModelRequiredStr, Header()]):
    return {"p": p.p}

 *
 * <p>This class extends {@link Number}, but does not define methods such as {@code
 * equals}, {@code hashCode} and {@code compareTo} because instances are expected to be mutated, and
 * so are not useful as collection keys.
 *
 * <p>jsr166e note: This class is targeted to be placed in java.util.concurrent.atomic.
 *
 * @since 1.8
 * @author Doug Lea
 */

/**
 * Admin action for Access Token management.
 * This class provides CRUD operations for access tokens.
 *
 */
public class AdminAccesstokenAction extends FessAdminAction {

    /**
     * Default constructor.
     */
    public AdminAccesstokenAction() {
        super();
    }

    private static final Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(AdminAccesstokenAction.class);

    /**
     * The role for this action.

 * finalize statistics collection.
 *
 */
public class CrawlerStatsHelper {

    /**
     * Creates a new instance of CrawlerStatsHelper.
     */
    public CrawlerStatsHelper() {
        // Default constructor
    }

    /** Logger instance for this class. */
    private static final Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(CrawlerStatsHelper.class);

/// info | Información

Esto requiere instalar `orjson`, por ejemplo, con `pip install orjson`.

///

### `UJSONResponse` { #ujsonresponse }

Un response JSON alternativo usando <a href="https://github.com/ultrajson/ultrajson" class="external-link" target="_blank">`ujson`</a>.

package org.apache.maven.lifecycle.test;

import junit.framework.Test;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import junit.framework.TestSuite;

/**
 * Unit test for simple App.
 */
public class AppTest
    extends TestCase
{
    /**
     * Create the test case
     *
     * @param testName name of the test case
     */
    public AppTest( String testName )
    {
        super( testName );
    }

    /**

        writerToClose?.closeQuietly()
      }
    }
  }

  internal class Message(
    val formatOpcode: Int,
    val data: ByteString,
  )

  internal class Close(
    val code: Int,
    val reason: ByteString?,
    val cancelAfterCloseMillis: Long,
  )

  private inner class WriterTask : Task("$name writer") {
    override fun runOnce(): Long {
      try {

   * {@link Predicate#apply}. Do not provide a predicate such as {@code
   * Predicates.instanceOf(ArrayList.class)}, which is inconsistent with equals. (See {@link
   * Iterables#filter(Iterable, Class)} for related functionality.)
   *
   * @since 14.0
   */
  public static <E extends @Nullable Object> Multiset<E> filter(

   * {@link Predicate#apply}. Do not provide a predicate such as {@code
   * Predicates.instanceOf(ArrayList.class)}, which is inconsistent with equals. (See {@link
   * Iterables#filter(Iterable, Class)} for related functionality.)
   *
   * @since 14.0
   */
  public static <E extends @Nullable Object> Multiset<E> filter(