## Model Listesi { #list-of-models }

Aynı şekilde, nesne listesi döndüren response'ları da tanımlayabilirsiniz.

Bunun için standart Python `list`'i kullanın:

{* ../../docs_src/extra_models/tutorial004_py310.py hl[18] *}

        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(cause, exception.getCause());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_nestedExceptionChain() {
        // Test nested exception chain
        Exception rootCause = new IllegalStateException("Root cause");
        Exception middleCause = new RuntimeException("Middle cause", rootCause);
        String message = "Top level error";

  public void testLenientFormat_badArgumentToString() {
    assertThat(Strings.lenientFormat("boiler %s plate", new ThrowsOnToString()))
        .matches(
            // J2kt nested class name does not use "$"
            "boiler <com\\.google\\.common\\.base\\.StringsTest[.$]ThrowsOnToString@[0-9a-f]+ "
                + "threw java\\.lang\\.UnsupportedOperationException> plate");
  }

dataclass は自動的に Pydantic の dataclass に変換されます。

このため、そのスキーマは API ドキュメントの UI に表示されます:

<img src="/img/tutorial/dataclasses/image01.png">

## ネストしたデータ構造での dataclasses { #dataclasses-in-nested-data-structures }

`dataclasses` を他の型注釈と組み合わせて、ネストしたデータ構造を作成できます。

場合によっては、自動生成された API ドキュメントでエラーが発生するなどの理由で、Pydantic 版の `dataclasses` を使う必要があるかもしれません。

Você também poderá receber verificações de erros para operações de tipos incorretas:

<img src="/img/tutorial/body/image04.png">

Isso não é por acaso, todo o framework foi construído em volta deste design.

E foi imensamente testado na fase de design, antes de qualquer implementação, para garantir que funcionaria para todos os editores de texto.

Houveram mudanças no próprio Pydantic para que isso fosse possível.

many as necessary with `addSubjectAlternativeName()`. This mechanism also supports a very limited
form of wildcards `*.example.com` where the `*` must be first and doesn't match nested subdomains.

By default certificates use fast and secure 256-bit ECDSA keys. For interoperability with very old
clients use `HeldCertificate.Builder.rsa2048()`.

Download
--------

```kotlin

       * Otherwise, we'll pin it (and its result) in memory until the timeout task is GCed. (The
       * need to clear our reference to the TimeoutFuture is the reason we use a *static* nested
       * class with a manual reference back to the "containing" class.)
       *
       * This has the nice-ish side effect of limiting reentrancy: run() calls

Vous pouvez également utiliser les paramètres du *décorateur de chemin d'accès* `response_model_include` et `response_model_exclude`.

Ils prennent un `set` de `str` avec les noms des attributs à inclure (en omettant le reste) ou à exclure (en incluant le reste).

Cela peut être utilisé comme un raccourci rapide si vous n'avez qu'un seul modèle Pydantic et que vous souhaitez supprimer certaines données de la sortie.

/// tip | Astuce

        StackTraceElement topElement = stackTrace[0];
        assertEquals(this.getClass().getName(), topElement.getClassName());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_nestedExceptions() {
        // Test nested exception handling
        Exception level3 = new RuntimeException("Level 3 error");
        Exception level2 = new IllegalStateException("Level 2 error", level3);

        assertTrue(protocolHelper.isValidFileProtocol("s3://123bucket/path"));
        assertTrue(protocolHelper.isValidFileProtocol("s3://bucket/path/to/deep/nested/file.txt"));
        assertTrue(protocolHelper.isValidFileProtocol("s3://bucket/path/ファイル.txt"));
        assertTrue(protocolHelper.isValidFileProtocol("s3://bucket/path/file%20with%20spaces.txt"));

        // GCS URLs