"title": "HTTPValidationError",
                        "type": "object",
                        "properties": {
                            "detail": {
                                "title": "Detail",
                                "type": "array",
                                "items": {
                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"

                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
                        "type": "object",
                        "properties": {
                            "detail": {
                                "title": "Detail",
                                "type": "array",
                                "items": {
                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"

                    "HTTPValidationError": {
                        "properties": {
                            "detail": {
                                "items": {
                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
                                },
                                "title": "Detail",
                                "type": "array",
                            }
                        },

                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
                        "type": "object",
                        "properties": {
                            "detail": {
                                "title": "Detail",
                                "type": "array",
                                "items": {
                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"

                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
                        "type": "object",
                        "properties": {
                            "detail": {
                                "title": "Detail",
                                "type": "array",
                                "items": {
                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"

}
```

但如果用戶端請求 `http://example.com/items/bar`（不存在的 `item_id` `"bar"`），會收到 404（"not found"）的 HTTP 狀態碼，以及以下 JSON 回應：

```JSON
{
  "detail": "Item not found"
}
```

/// tip

在 raise 一個 `HTTPException` 時，你可以將任何可轉為 JSON 的值作為 `detail` 參數，不只限於 `str`。

你可以傳入 `dict`、`list` 等。

**FastAPI** 會自動處理並轉為 JSON。

///

## 新增自訂標頭 { #add-custom-headers }

有些情況需要在 HTTP 錯誤回應中加入自訂標頭，例如某些安全性情境。

```JSON
{
  "username": "johndoe",
  "email": "******@****.***",
  "full_name": "John Doe",
  "disabled": false,
  "hashed_password": "fakehashedsecret"
}
```

<img src="/img/tutorial/security/image06.png">

Wenn Sie auf das Schlosssymbol klicken und sich abmelden und dann den gleichen Vorgang nochmal versuchen, erhalten Sie einen HTTP 401 Error:

```JSON
{
  "detail": "Not authenticated"
}
```

   * regardless of implementation type. It captures their "logical contents"
   * only. This is necessary to ensure that the existence of a particular
   * implementation type is an implementation detail.
   */
  @J2ktIncompatible // serialization
  private static final class SerializedForm<E> implements Serializable {
    final Comparator<? super E> comparator;
    final Object[] elements;

                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
                        "type": "object",
                        "properties": {
                            "detail": {
                                "title": "Detail",
                                "type": "array",
                                "items": {
                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"

## Exécuter { #run-it }

Vous pouvez lancer vos tests comme d'habitude via :

<div class="termy">

```console
$ pytest

---> 100%
```

</div>

## En détail { #in-detail }

Le marqueur `@pytest.mark.anyio` indique à pytest que cette fonction de test doit être appelée de manière asynchrone :

{* ../../docs_src/async_tests/app_a_py310/test_main.py hl[7] *}

/// tip | Astuce