Importe a classe, ou subclasse, de `Response` que você deseja utilizar e declare ela no *decorador de operação de rota*.

Para respostas grandes, retornar uma `Response` diretamente é muito mais rápido que retornar um dicionário.

    with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True):
        warnings.simplefilter("always")
        monkeypatch.delattr("multipart.multipart.parse_options_header", raising=False)
    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match=multipart_incorrect_install_error):
        app = FastAPI()

        @app.post("/")
        async def root(username: str = Form()):
            return username  # pragma: nocover

from pydantic import BaseModel


def test_invalid_sequence():
    with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
        app = FastAPI()

        class Item(BaseModel):
            title: str

        @app.get("/items/")
        def read_items(q: List[Item] = Query(default=None)):
            pass  # pragma: no cover


def test_invalid_tuple():
    with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
        app = FastAPI()

        class Item(BaseModel):

    with pytest.raises(OtherDependencyError):
        client.get("/async_raise_other")
    assert state["/async_raise"] == "asyncgen raise finalized"
    assert "/async_raise" not in errors


def test_sync_raise_other():
    assert state["/sync_raise"] == "generator raise not started"
    with pytest.raises(OtherDependencyError):
        client.get("/sync_raise_other")

        {"name": "baz", "price": "baz"},
    ]


client = TestClient(app)


def test_invalid():
    with pytest.raises(ResponseValidationError):
        client.get("/items/invalid")


def test_invalid_none():
    with pytest.raises(ResponseValidationError):
        client.get("/items/invalidnone")


def test_valid_none_data():
    response = client.get("/items/validnone")

    client = TestClient(app)
    with pytest.raises(WebSocketDisconnect):
        with client.websocket_connect("/items/foo/ws"):
            pytest.fail(
                "did not raise WebSocketDisconnect on __enter__"
            )  # pragma: no cover


@needs_py39
def test_websocket_invalid_data(app: FastAPI):
    client = TestClient(app)
    with pytest.raises(WebSocketDisconnect):

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient


# TODO: remove when deprecating Pydantic v1
def test_upload_file_invalid():
    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
        UploadFile.validate("not a Starlette UploadFile")


def test_upload_file_invalid_pydantic_v2():
    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
        UploadFile._validate("not a Starlette UploadFile", {})


def test_default_placeholder_equals():

    assert response.json() == "plumbus"


@needs_py39
def test_internal_error(client: TestClient):
    from docs_src.dependencies.tutorial008d_an_py39 import InternalError

    with pytest.raises(InternalError) as exc_info:
        client.get("/items/portal-gun")
    assert (
        exc_info.value.args[0] == "The portal gun is too dangerous to be owned by Rick"
    )


@needs_py39

        assertThat(value.toString(radix)).isEqualTo(value.bigIntegerValue().toString(radix));
      }
    }
  }

  public void testToStringRadixQuick() {
    int[] radices = {2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 16, 21, 31, 36};
    for (int radix : radices) {
      for (long l : TEST_LONGS) {
        UnsignedLong value = UnsignedLong.fromLongBits(l);
        assertThat(value.toString(radix)).isEqualTo(value.bigIntegerValue().toString(radix));

    ]


client = TestClient(app)


def test_invalid():
    with pytest.raises(ResponseValidationError):
        client.get("/items/invalid")


def test_double_invalid():
    with pytest.raises(ResponseValidationError):
        client.get("/items/innerinvalid")


def test_invalid_list():
    with pytest.raises(ResponseValidationError):