* Predicates.notNull())}, static importing as necessary.
   *
   * <p><b>Note:</b> if {@code first} is represented as an {@link Optional}, this can be
   * accomplished with {@link Optional#or(Object) first.or(second)}. That approach also allows for
   * lazy evaluation of the fallback instance, using {@link Optional#or(Supplier)
   * first.or(supplier)}.
   *
   * <p><b>Java 9 users:</b> use {@code java.util.Objects.requireNonNullElse(first, second)}

* `limit=10`: Por que esse era o valor padrão

## Parâmetros opcionais { #optional-parameters }

Da mesma forma, você pode declarar parâmetros de consulta opcionais, definindo o valor padrão para `None`:

{* ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002_py310.py hl[7] *}

Nesse caso, o parâmetro da função `q` será opcional, e `None` será o padrão.

/// check | Verifique

   * Predicates.notNull())}, static importing as necessary.
   *
   * <p><b>Note:</b> if {@code first} is represented as an {@link Optional}, this can be
   * accomplished with {@link Optional#or(Object) first.or(second)}. That approach also allows for
   * lazy evaluation of the fallback instance, using {@link Optional#or(Supplier)
   * first.or(supplier)}.
   *
   * <p><b>Java 9 users:</b> use {@code java.util.Objects.requireNonNullElse(first, second)}

Notice that the input model is still validated.

So, if you want to receive partial updates that can omit all the attributes, you need to have a model with all the attributes marked as optional (with default values or `None`).

To distinguish from the models with all optional values for **updates** and models with required values for **creation**, you can use the ideas described in [Extra Models](extra-models.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

Sie könnten eine erste Abhängigkeit („Dependable“) wie folgt erstellen:

{* ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial005_an_py310.py hl[8:9] *}

Diese deklariert einen optionalen Query-Parameter `q` vom Typ `str` und gibt ihn dann einfach zurück.

Das ist recht einfach (nicht sehr nützlich), hilft uns aber dabei, uns auf die Funktionsweise der Unterabhängigkeiten zu konzentrieren.

Das ist keine Limitation von **FastAPI**, sondern Teil des HTTP-Protokolls.

///

## Optionaler Datei-Upload { #optional-file-upload }

Sie können eine Datei optional machen, indem Sie Standard-Typannotationen verwenden und den Defaultwert auf `None` setzen:

{* ../../docs_src/request_files/tutorial001_02_an_py310.py hl[9,17] *}

/// note

**FastAPI** saura que la valeur de `q` n'est pas requise grâce à la valeur par défaut `=None`.

Le type `Optional` dans `Optional[str]` n'est pas utilisé par **FastAPI**, mais sera utile à votre éditeur pour améliorer le support offert par ce dernier et détecter plus facilement des erreurs de type.

///

## Sans Pydantic

Isso não é uma limitação do **FastAPI**, é parte do protocolo HTTP.

///

## Upload de Arquivo Opcional { #optional-file-upload }

Você pode tornar um arquivo opcional usando anotações de tipo padrão e definindo um valor padrão de `None`:

{* ../../docs_src/request_files/tutorial001_02_an_py310.py hl[9,17] *}

     * @param charset the character encoding to use for reading
     * @param bufferSize the maximum number of lines to keep in the buffer (0 to disable buffering)
     * @param outputCallback optional callback function to process each line (can be null)
     */
    public InputStreamThread(final InputStream is, final Charset charset, final int bufferSize, final Consumer<String> outputCallback) {

    exclusiveMaximum: Optional[float] = None
    minimum: Optional[float] = None
    exclusiveMinimum: Optional[float] = None
    maxLength: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, ge=0)
    minLength: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, ge=0)
    pattern: Optional[str] = None
    maxItems: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, ge=0)
    minItems: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, ge=0)
    uniqueItems: Optional[bool] = None