package gorm

import (
	"context"
	"database/sql"

	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
	"gorm.io/gorm/schema"
)

// Dialector GORM database dialector
type Dialector interface {
	Name() string
	Initialize(*DB) error
	Migrator(db *DB) Migrator
	DataTypeOf(*schema.Field) string
	DefaultValueOf(*schema.Field) clause.Expression
	BindVarTo(writer clause.Writer, stmt *Statement, v interface{})
	QuoteTo(clause.Writer, string)

package tests_test

import (
	"testing"

	"gorm.io/gorm"
	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
	"gorm.io/gorm/schema"
	. "gorm.io/gorm/utils/tests"
)

func AssertAssociationCount(t *testing.T, data interface{}, name string, result int64, reason string) {
	if count := DB.Model(data).Association(name).Count(); count != result {
		t.Fatalf("invalid %v count %v, expects: %v got %v", name, reason, result, count)
	}

	var newUser User

package gorm

import "time"

// Model a basic GoLang struct which includes the following fields: ID, CreatedAt, UpdatedAt, DeletedAt
// It may be embedded into your model or you may build your own model without it
//
//	type User struct {
//	  gorm.Model
//	}
type Model struct {
	ID        uint `gorm:"primarykey"`
	CreatedAt time.Time
	UpdatedAt time.Time
	DeletedAt DeletedAt `gorm:"index"`

module gorm.io/gorm/tests

go 1.24.0

require (
	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0
	github.com/jinzhu/now v1.1.5
	github.com/lib/pq v1.10.9
	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1
	gorm.io/driver/gaussdb v0.1.0
	gorm.io/driver/mysql v1.6.0
	gorm.io/driver/postgres v1.6.0
	gorm.io/driver/sqlite v1.6.0
	gorm.io/driver/sqlserver v1.6.1
	gorm.io/gorm v1.31.0
)

require (
	filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0 // indirect

package clause_test

import (
	"sync"
	"testing"

	"gorm.io/gorm"
	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
	"gorm.io/gorm/schema"
	"gorm.io/gorm/utils/tests"
)

func BenchmarkSelect(b *testing.B) {
	user, _ := schema.Parse(&tests.User{}, &sync.Map{}, db.NamingStrategy)

	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
		stmt := gorm.Statement{DB: db, Table: user.Table, Schema: user, Clauses: map[string]clause.Clause{}}

package schema_test

import (
	"sync"
	"testing"
	"time"

	"gorm.io/gorm"
	"gorm.io/gorm/schema"
	"gorm.io/gorm/utils/tests"
)

func checkStructRelation(t *testing.T, data interface{}, relations ...Relation) {
	if s, err := schema.Parse(data, &sync.Map{}, schema.NamingStrategy{}); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Failed to parse schema, got error %v", err)
	} else {
		for _, rel := range relations {
			checkSchemaRelation(t, s, rel)
		}

package callbacks

import (
	"reflect"
	"strings"

	"gorm.io/gorm"
	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
	"gorm.io/gorm/schema"
	"gorm.io/gorm/utils"
)

func BeforeDelete(db *gorm.DB) {
	if db.Error == nil && db.Statement.Schema != nil && !db.Statement.SkipHooks && db.Statement.Schema.BeforeDelete {
		callMethod(db, func(value interface{}, tx *gorm.DB) bool {
			if i, ok := value.(BeforeDeleteInterface); ok {
				db.AddError(i.BeforeDelete(tx))

import (
	"reflect"
	"sort"
	"testing"

	"gorm.io/gorm"
	. "gorm.io/gorm/utils/tests"
)

type Blog struct {
	ID         uint   `gorm:"primary_key"`
	Locale     string `gorm:"primary_key"`
	Subject    string
	Body       string
	Tags       []Tag `gorm:"many2many:blog_tags;"`
	SharedTags []Tag `gorm:"many2many:shared_blog_tags;ForeignKey:id;References:id"`

		FieldAllowUpdate        string `gorm:"<-:update"`
		FieldAllowSave          string `gorm:"<-"`
		FieldAllowSave2         string `gorm:"<-:create,update"`
		FieldAllowSave3         string `gorm:"->:false;<-:create"`
		FieldReadonly           string `gorm:"->"`
		FieldIgnore             string `gorm:"-"`
		AutoUnixCreateTime      int32  `gorm:"autocreatetime"`
		AutoUnixMilliCreateTime int    `gorm:"autocreatetime:milli"`

    services:
      mysql:
        image: ${{ matrix.dbversion }}
        env:
          MYSQL_DATABASE: gorm
          MYSQL_USER: gorm
          MYSQL_PASSWORD: gorm
          MYSQL_RANDOM_ROOT_PASSWORD: "yes"
        ports:
          - 9910:3306
        options: >-
          --health-cmd "mysqladmin ping -ugorm -pgorm"
          --health-interval 10s
          --health-start-period 10s
          --health-timeout 5s