To create the callback *path operation* use the same `APIRouter` you created above.

It should look just like a normal FastAPI *path operation*:

* It should probably have a declaration of the body it should receive, e.g. `body: InvoiceEvent`.
* And it could also have a declaration of the response it should return, e.g. `response_model=InvoiceEventReceived`.

```Python hl_lines="16-18  21-22  28-32"
{!../../docs_src/openapi_callbacks/tutorial001.py!}

   * explicit {@code @NullableDecl} annotation (see <a
   * href="https://github.com/google/guava/issues/1819">#1819</a>).
   *
   * <p>It is not necessary to consider visibility, return type, or type parameter declarations. The
   * declaration of a method with the same name and formal parameters as {@link Object#equals} that
   * is not public and boolean-returning, or that declares any type parameters, would be rejected at
   * compile-time.
   */

It won't do any data conversion with Pydantic models, it won't convert the contents to any type, etc.

This gives you a lot of flexibility. You can return any data type, override any data declaration or validation, etc.

## Using the `jsonable_encoder` in a `Response`

Because **FastAPI** doesn't make any changes to a `Response` you return, you have to make sure its contents are ready for it.

   * explicit {@code @Nullable} annotation (see <a
   * href="https://github.com/google/guava/issues/1819">#1819</a>).
   *
   * <p>It is not necessary to consider visibility, return type, or type parameter declarations. The
   * declaration of a method with the same name and formal parameters as {@link Object#equals} that
   * is not public and boolean-returning, or that declares any type parameters, would be rejected at
   * compile-time.
   */

///

## Duplicate headers

It is possible to receive duplicate headers. That means, the same header with multiple values.

You can define those cases using a list in the type declaration.

You will receive all the values from the duplicate header as a Python `list`.

For example, to declare a header of `X-Token` that can appear more than once, you can write:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

* **Easy**: Designed to be easy to use and learn. Less time reading docs.
* **Short**: Minimize code duplication. Multiple features from each parameter declaration. Fewer bugs.
* **Robust**: Get production-ready code. With automatic interactive documentation.

## Using `BackgroundTasks`

First, import `BackgroundTasks` and define a parameter in your *path operation function* with a type declaration of `BackgroundTasks`:

{* ../../docs_src/background_tasks/tutorial001.py hl[1,13] *}

**FastAPI** will create the object of type `BackgroundTasks` for you and pass it as that parameter.

## Create a task function

* **Facile** : Conçu pour être facile à utiliser et à apprendre. Moins de temps passé à lire la documentation.
* **Concis** : Diminue la duplication de code. De nombreuses fonctionnalités liées à la déclaration de chaque paramètre. Moins de bugs.
* **Robuste** : Obtenez un code prêt pour la production. Avec une documentation interactive automatique.

Déclarez ensuite votre modèle de données en tant que classe qui hérite de `BaseModel`.

Utilisez les types Python standard pour tous les attributs :

{* ../../docs_src/body/tutorial001.py hl[7:11] *}

    * **Facile** : Fait pour être facile à utiliser et apprendre. Moins de temps passé à lire de la documentation.
    * **Concis** : Minimise la duplication de code. Plusieurs fonctionnalités à chaque déclaration de paramètre.
    * **Robuste** : Obtenez du code prêt pour être utilisé en production. Avec de la documentation automatique interactive.