而且在許多情況下，讀取它們會是阻塞操作（可能阻塞事件迴圈），因為資料是從磁碟或網路讀取。

/// info

上面的範例其實是例外，因為 `io.BytesIO` 物件已在記憶體中，讀取不會阻塞任何東西。

但在多數情況下，讀取檔案或類檔案物件會造成阻塞。

///

為了避免阻塞事件迴圈，你可以將路徑操作函式宣告為一般的 `def`（而非 `async def`），這樣 FastAPI 會在 threadpool worker 上執行它，避免阻塞主事件迴圈。

{* ../../docs_src/stream_data/tutorial002_py310.py ln[30:34] hl[31] *}

/// tip

如果你需要在 async 函式內呼叫阻塞程式碼，或在阻塞函式中呼叫 async 函式，你可以使用 [Asyncer](https://asyncer.tiangolo.com)，它是 FastAPI 的姊妹函式庫。

@defaultMessage Spawns a new thread which is solely under lucenes control use ThreadPool#relativeTimeInMillis instead
org.apache.lucene.search.TimeLimitingCollector#getGlobalTimerThread()
org.apache.lucene.search.TimeLimitingCollector#getGlobalCounter()

@app.get("/items/")
def read_items():
    data = some_blocking_library.fetch_items()
    return data
```

In case of doubt, or by default, use regular `def` functions, those will be run in a threadpool so they don't block the event loop.

The same rules apply to dependencies.

Make sure blocking code is not run inside of `async` functions. The logic will work, but will damage the performance heavily.

common:mkl_threadpool --define=build_with_mkl=true --define=enable_mkl=true
common:mkl_threadpool --define=tensorflow_mkldnn_contraction_kernel=0
common:mkl_threadpool --define=build_with_mkl_opensource=true
common:mkl_threadpool -c opt

# Config setting to build oneDNN with Compute Library for the Arm Architecture (ACL).
# with Eigen threadpool support

 *
 * {@snippet :
 * ListenableFuture<Boolean> adminIsLoggedIn =
 *     FluentFuture.from(usersDatabase.getAdminUser())
 *         .transform(User::getId, directExecutor())
 *         .transform(ActivityService::isLoggedIn, threadPool)
 *         .catching(RpcException.class, e -> false, directExecutor());
 * }
 *
 * <h3>Alternatives</h3>
 *
 * <h4>Frameworks</h4>
 *

這裡是有關 FastAPI 內部技術細節。

如果你有相當多的技術背景（例如協程、執行緒、阻塞等），並且對 FastAPI 如何處理 `async def` 與常規 `def` 感到好奇，請繼續閱讀。

///

### 路徑操作函式 { #path-operation-functions }

當你使用 `def` 而不是 `async def` 宣告*路徑操作函式*時，該函式會在外部的執行緒池（threadpool）中執行，然後等待結果，而不是直接呼叫（因為這樣會阻塞伺服器）。

    // Fesen Client
    //

    /**
     * Gets the thread pool used by the client.
     *
     * @return the thread pool
     */
    @Override
    public ThreadPool threadPool() {
        return client.threadPool();
    }

    /**
     * Gets the admin client for cluster and index administration.
     *
     * @return the admin client
     */
    @Override

///

### Funções de operação de rota { #path-operation-functions }

Quando você declara uma *função de operação de rota* com `def` normal ao invés de `async def`, ela é rodada em uma threadpool externa que é então aguardada, ao invés de ser chamada diretamente (já que ela bloquearia o servidor).

@defaultMessage extend org.elasticsearch.threadpool.Scheduler.SafeScheduledThreadPoolExecutor instead which will properly bubble up Errors
java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor#<init>(int)

///

Чтобы не блокировать цикл событий, вы можете просто объявить *функцию-обработчик пути* обычной `def` вместо `async def`. Тогда FastAPI выполнит её в воркере из пула потоков (threadpool), чтобы не блокировать основной цикл.

{* ../../docs_src/stream_data/tutorial002_py310.py ln[30:34] hl[31] *}

/// tip | Совет