}

	bp.Put(b)

	// Check the size of the pool.
	if uint64(len(bp.c)) != size {
		t.Fatalf("bytepool size invalid: got %v want %v", len(bp.c), size)
	}

	// lets drain the buf channel first before we validate invalid buffers.
	for range size {
		bp.Get() // discard
	}

	// Try putting some invalid buffers into pool
	bp.Put(make([]byte, bp.w, bp.wcap-1)) // wrong capacity is rejected (less)

    else:
        authenticate_value = "Bearer"
    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
        detail="Could not validate credentials",
        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": authenticate_value},
    )
    try:
        payload = jwt.decode(token, SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[ALGORITHM])
        username: str = payload.get("sub")

import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.junit.jupiter.MockitoExtension;

/**
 * Tests for SmbFilenameFilter interface behaviors via simple implementations.
 * Each test creates a concrete filter to validate expected contract semantics
 * including normal operation, null handling, edge cases, and exception flow.
 */
@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
class SmbFilenameFilterTest {

    @Mock
    SmbFile mockDir;

	if err != nil {
		writeErrorResponse(ctx, w, toAPIError(ctx, err), r.URL)
		return
	}
	region := globalSite.Region()
	config.SetRegion(region)
	if err = config.Validate(region, globalEventNotifier.targetList); err != nil {
		arnErr, ok := err.(*event.ErrARNNotFound)
		if ok {
			for i, queue := range config.QueueList {
				// Remove ARN not found queues, because we previously allowed

		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("Test %d", i+1), func(t *testing.T) {
			var rule Rule
			err := xml.Unmarshal([]byte(tc.inputXML), &rule)
			if err != nil {
				t.Fatal(err)
			}

			if err := rule.Validate(); err != tc.expectedErr {
				t.Fatalf("%d: Expected %v but got %v", i+1, tc.expectedErr, err)
			}
		})
	}

func (err *s3Error) Error() string {
	return err.message
}

func errMalformedXML(err error) *s3Error {
	return &s3Error{
		code:       "MalformedXML",
		message:    "The XML provided was not well-formed or did not validate against our published schema. Check the service documentation and try again: " + err.Error(),
		statusCode: 400,
		cause:      err,
	}
}

func errInvalidCompressionFormat(err error) *s3Error {
	return &s3Error{

```

</div>

Then go to the `/docs` UI, you will see that **FastAPI** is using these **models** to **document** the API, and it will use them to **serialize** and **validate** the data too.

<div class="screenshot">
<img src="/img/tutorial/sql-databases/image01.png">
</div>

## Update the App with Multiple Models { #update-the-app-with-multiple-models }

  // 2. Normalize, from bufferB to bufferA.
  val normalized = normalizeNfc(bufferB.readUtf8())
  bufferA.writeUtf8(normalized)

  // 3. For each label, convert/validate Punycode.
  val decoded = Punycode.decode(bufferA.readUtf8()) ?: return null

  // 4.1 Validate.

  // Must be NFC.
  if (decoded != normalizeNfc(decoded)) return null

  // TODO: Must not begin with a combining mark.

func ContainsReservedChars(s string) bool {
	return strings.ContainsAny(s, reservedChars)
}

// IsAccessKeyValid - validate access key for right length.
func IsAccessKeyValid(accessKey string) bool {
	return len(accessKey) >= accessKeyMinLen
}

// IsSecretKeyValid - validate secret key for right length.
func IsSecretKeyValid(secretKey string) bool {
	return len(secretKey) >= secretKeyMinLen
}

	// Immutable after creation, so no locks.
	targets map[string]*Connection

	// serverside handlers.
	handlers handlers

	// local host name.
	local string

	// authToken is a function that will validate a token.
	authToken ValidateTokenFn

	// routePath indicates the dial route path
	routePath string
}

// ManagerOptions are options for creating a new grid manager.
type ManagerOptions struct {