if (cp < safeOctets.length && safeOctets[cp]) {
      return null;
    } else if (cp == ' ' && plusForSpace) {
      return plusSign;
    } else if (cp <= 0x7F) {
      // Single byte UTF-8 characters
      // Start with "%--" and fill in the blanks
      char[] dest = new char[3];
      dest[0] = '%';
      dest[2] = upperHexDigits[cp & 0xF];
      dest[1] = upperHexDigits[cp >>> 4];

import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArraySet;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Registry of subscribers to a single event bus.
 *
 * @author Colin Decker
 */
final class SubscriberRegistry {

  /**
   * All registered subscribers, indexed by event type.
   *

{* ../../docs_src/extra_models/tutorial005_py39.py hl[6] *}


## Recap { #recap }

Use multiple Pydantic models and inherit freely for each case.

          <version>1.1.0+</version>
          <description>
            A version range which specifies the supported Java versions. A version range can either use the usual mathematical syntax "[2.0.10,2.1.0),[3.0,)" or use a single version "2.2.1". The latter is a short form for "[2.2.1,)", i.e. denotes the minimum version required.
            @since Maven 4.0.0-alpha-3
          </description>
          <type>String</type>
        </field>

But, sadly, you get nothing useful:

<img src="/img/python-types/image01.png">

### Add types { #add-types }

Let's modify a single line from the previous version.

We will change exactly this fragment, the parameters of the function, from:

```Python
    first_name, last_name
```

to:

```Python
    first_name: str, last_name: str

   * {@code ExecutorService} imposes a small locking overhead on each task submission in order to
   * implement shutdown and termination behavior.
   *
   * <p>Because of the nature of single-thread execution, the methods {@code scheduleAtFixedRate}
   * and {@code scheduleWithFixedDelay} are not supported by this class and will throw an
   * UnsupportedOperationException.
   *

    List<E> containsNull = singletonList(null);
    assertTrue("addAll(containsNull) should return true", collection.addAll(containsNull));
    /*
     * We need (E) to force interpretation of null as the single element of a
     * varargs array, not the array itself
     */
    expectAdded((E) null);
  }

  @CollectionFeature.Require(value = SUPPORTS_ADD, absent = ALLOWS_NULL_VALUES)

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * Base class for services that can implement {@link #startUp}, {@link #run} and {@link #shutDown}
 * methods. This class uses a single thread to execute the service; consider {@link AbstractService}
 * if you would like to manage any threading manually.
 *
 * @author Jesse Wilson
 * @since 1.0
 */
@GwtIncompatible
@J2ktIncompatible

/**
 * Factory for [calls][Call], which can be used to send HTTP requests and read their responses.
 *
 * ## OkHttpClients Should Be Shared
 *
 * OkHttp performs best when you create a single `OkHttpClient` instance and reuse it for all of
 * your HTTP calls. This is because each client holds its own connection pool and thread pools.

    }

    public void test_specialCharactersInMessage() {
        // Test with special characters in message
        String messageWithSpecialChars = "Error: offset > 1000 && offset < 2000 | \"quotes\" 'single' \n\t tab";
        ResultOffsetExceededException exception = new ResultOffsetExceededException(messageWithSpecialChars);

        assertEquals(messageWithSpecialChars, exception.getMessage());
    }