This is an advanced usage that you might not really need, but it's there in case you do.

## Include an `APIRouter` in another { #include-an-apirouter-in-another }

The same way you can include an `APIRouter` in a `FastAPI` application, you can include an `APIRouter` in another `APIRouter` using:

```Python
router.include_router(other_router)
```

async def read_item(item_id: str, q: str | None = None, short: bool = False):
    item = {"item_id": item_id}
    if q:
        item.update({"q": q})
    if not short:
        item.update(
            {"description": "This is an amazing item that has a long description"}
        )

   * containers with a known order other than insertion order must override this method.
   *
   * <p>Note: This default implementation is overkill (but valid) for an unordered container. An
   * equally valid implementation for an unordered container is to throw an exception. The chosen
   * implementation, however, has the advantage of working for insertion-ordered containers, as
   * well.
   */
  @Override

  }

  /**
   * Returns an empty immutable range map.
   *
   * <p><b>Performance note:</b> the instance returned is a singleton.
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  public static <K extends Comparable<?>, V> ImmutableRangeMap<K, V> of() {
    return (ImmutableRangeMap<K, V>) EMPTY;
  }

  /** Returns an immutable range map mapping a single range to a single value. */

        "path",
        "item_id"
      ],
      "msg": "Input should be a valid integer, unable to parse string as an integer",
      "input": "foo"
    }
  ]
}
```

because the path parameter `item_id` had a value of `"foo"`, which is not an `int`.

The same error would appear if you provided a `float` instead of an `int`, as in: <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/4.2" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/4.2</a>

Those parameters are what **FastAPI** will use to "solve" the dependency.

In both cases, it will have:

* An optional `q` query parameter that is a `str`.
* A `skip` query parameter that is an `int`, with a default of `0`.
* A `limit` query parameter that is an `int`, with a default of `100`.

In both cases the data will be converted, validated, documented on the OpenAPI schema, etc.

## Use it { #use-it }

import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * An object that converts literal text into a format safe for inclusion in a particular context
 * (such as an XML document). Typically (but not always), the inverse process of "unescaping" the
 * text is performed automatically by the relevant parser.
 *
 * <p>For example, an XML escaper would convert the literal string {@code "Foo<Bar>"} into {@code

@GwtCompatible
@NullMarked
public class PeekingIteratorTest extends TestCase {

  /**
   * Version of {@link IteratorTester} that compares an iterator over a given collection of elements
   * (used as the reference iterator) against a {@code PeekingIterator} that *wraps* such an
   * iterator (used as the target iterator).
   *
   * <p>This IteratorTester makes copies of the master so that it can later verify that {@link

 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.google.common.collect;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * An abstract base class for implementing the <a

     *
     * @return The list of matching versions, never {@code null}. An empty list indicates
     *         no versions matched the requested range.
     */
    @Nonnull
    List<Version> getVersions();

    /**
     * Gets the lowest version matching the requested range.
     *
     * @return An Optional containing the lowest matching version, or empty Optional if no versions