And we know that editors can't provide a lot of support (like completion) for `dict`s, because they can't know their keys and value types.

We can do better...

## What makes a dependency { #what-makes-a-dependency }

Up to now you have seen dependencies declared as functions.

But that's not the only way to declare dependencies (although it would probably be the more common).

The key factor is that a dependency should be a "callable".

package logger_test

import (
	"database/sql/driver"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"regexp"
	"strings"
	"testing"

	"github.com/jinzhu/now"
	"gorm.io/gorm/logger"
)

type JSON json.RawMessage

func (j JSON) Value() (driver.Value, error) {
	if len(j) == 0 {
		return nil, nil
	}
	return json.RawMessage(j).MarshalJSON()
}

type ExampleStruct struct {
	Name string
	Val  string
}

	}
}

func (sr *SRStats) updateMovingAvg() {
	sr.lock.Lock()
	defer sr.lock.Unlock()
	for _, s := range sr.M {
		s.XferRateLrg.measure.updateExponentialMovingAverage(time.Now())
		s.XferRateSml.measure.updateExponentialMovingAverage(time.Now())
	}
}

// SRMetric captures replication metrics for a deployment
type SRMetric struct {
	DeploymentID  string             `json:"deploymentID"`

to take advantage of sweet Kotlin features.

#### Credentials.basic()

The username and password parameters to `Credentials.basic()` are now non-null strings. In OkHttp
3.x, null would yield a username or password of "null".

#### HttpUrl.queryParameterValues()

The return type of `HttpUrl.queryParameterValues()` is `List<String?>`. Lists that may contain null

        },
        "refresh": 1,
        "regex": "",
        "skipUrlSync": false,
        "sort": 0,
        "type": "query"
      }
    ]
  },
  "time": {
    "from": "now-1h",
    "to": "now"
  },
  "timepicker": {
    "refresh_intervals": [
      "10s",
      "30s",
      "1m",
      "5m",
      "15m",
      "30m",
      "1h",
      "2h",
      "1d"
    ],

## Contributors

[Thank you](https://github.com/go-gorm/gorm/graphs/contributors) for contributing to the GORM framework!

## License

© Jinzhu, 2013~time.Now

# OAuth2 with Password (and hashing), Bearer with JWT tokens { #oauth2-with-password-and-hashing-bearer-with-jwt-tokens }

Now that we have all the security flow, let's make the application actually secure, using <abbr title="JSON Web Tokens">JWT</abbr> tokens and secure password hashing.

This code is something you can actually use in your application, save the password hashes in your database, etc.

Notice that now we don't create a default instance `settings = Settings()`.

### The main app file { #the-main-app-file }

Now we create a dependency that returns a new `config.Settings()`.

{* ../../docs_src/settings/app02_an_py39/main.py hl[6,12:13] *}

/// tip

We'll discuss the `@lru_cache` in a bit.

For now you can assume `get_settings()` is a normal function.

	if ri == nil {
		return errInvalidArgument
	}
	now := UTCNow()
	ri.mu.Lock()
	var (
		format, version uint16
		jobTyp          string
	)

	if now.Sub(ri.LastUpdate) >= duration {
		switch job.Type() {
		case madmin.BatchJobReplicate:
			format = batchReplFormat
			version = batchReplVersion

     * The precision of this field is seconds; further precision will be truncated.
     */
    fun duration(
      duration: Long,
      unit: TimeUnit,
    ) = apply {
      val now = System.currentTimeMillis()
      validityInterval(now, now + unit.toMillis(duration))
    }

    /**
     * Adds a subject alternative name (SAN) to the certificate. This is usually a literal hostname,