list.add(e);
    }
    return unmodifiableList(list);
  }

  /**
   * @return a suitable location for a null element, to use when initializing containers for tests
   *     that involve a null element being present.
   */
  protected int getNullLocation() {
    return getNumElements() / 2;
  }

  protected MinimalCollection<E> createDisjointCollection() {

                    if (directory.exists() && directory.isDirectory()) {
                        final File[] files = directory.listFiles(File::isDirectory);
                        if (files != null) {
                            for (final File file : files) {
                                final String name = file.getName();
                                subPackages.add(name);

            final Settings settings) {
        super(indexSettings, name, settings);

        final List<String> wordList = Analysis.parseWordList(environment, settings, "stopwords", s -> s);
        if (wordList != null) {
            stopwords = wordList.toArray(new String[wordList.size()]);
        } else {
            stopwords = new String[0];
        }

    Key(int value) {
      this.value = value;
    }

    @Override
    public synchronized String toString() {
      String s;
      if (toString != null) {
        s = toString.get();
        if (s != null) {
          return s;
        }
      }
      s = Integer.toString(value);
      toString = new WeakReference<>(s);
      return s;
    }
  }

  static <T extends Throwable> T assertThrows(
      Class<T> expectedThrowable, ThrowingRunnable runnable) {
    return doAssertThrows(
        expectedThrowable,
        () -> {
          runnable.run();
          return null;
        },
        /* userPassedSupplier= */ false);
  }

  private static <T extends Throwable> T doAssertThrows(
      Class<T> expectedThrowable, ThrowingSupplier supplier, boolean userPassedSupplier) {

  static <T extends Throwable> T assertThrows(
      Class<T> expectedThrowable, ThrowingRunnable runnable) {
    return doAssertThrows(
        expectedThrowable,
        () -> {
          runnable.run();
          return null;
        },
        /* userPassedSupplier= */ false);
  }

  private static <T extends Throwable> T doAssertThrows(
      Class<T> expectedThrowable, ThrowingSupplier supplier, boolean userPassedSupplier) {

        log.debug("DiSNI memory region registered, size: {}", buffer.remaining());
    }

    @Override
    public void invalidate() {
        if (valid && memoryRegister != null) {
            try {
                // In real implementation, this would deregister the memory:
                // memoryRegister.deregisterMemory();

                log.debug("DiSNI memory region invalidated");

    @Test
    void testConstructorSuccess() throws PACDecodingException {
        // Setup key
        byte[] keyBytes = new byte[32];
        KerberosKey kdcKey = new KerberosKey(null, keyBytes, PacSignature.HMAC_SHA1_96_AES256, 1);
        keys.put(PacSignature.ETYPE_AES256_CTS_HMAC_SHA1_96, kdcKey);

        // Mock Pac construction to bypass complex validation

            Session session, String groupId, String artifactId, String version, String extension) {
        return ArtifactFactoryRequest.builder()
                .session(requireNonNull(session, "session cannot be null"))
                .groupId(groupId)
                .artifactId(artifactId)
                .version(version)
                .extension(extension)
                .build();
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves the file system path associated with a specific artifact.
     *
     * @param artifact The {@link Artifact} whose path is to be retrieved.
     * @return The {@link Path} to the artifact, or {@code null} if unavailable.
     */
    @Nullable
    Path getPath(@Nonnull Artifact artifact);

    /**
     * Returns a mapping of artifact coordinates to their corresponding resolution results.
     *