### Instrumentation

In v1.9 we focused on improving stability of the components owned by the SIG, including Heapster, Custom Metrics API adapters for Prometheus, and Stackdriver.

- kube-apiserver

  - the `--basic-auth-file` flag and authentication mode is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. It is not recommended for production environments. ([#81152](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/81152), [@tedyu](https://github.com/tedyu))

now always set to "systemd" unless the user is explicit about it. This requires existing machine setups to configure the container runtime to use the "systemd" driver. Documentation on this topic can be found here: https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/production-environment/container-runtimes/. When upgrading existing clusters / nodes using "kubeadm upgrade" the old cgroupDriver value is preserved, but in 1.22 this change will also apply to "upgrade". For more information on migrating to the "systemd" driver...

  purposes, you can use older kernels, as far back as 5.4, if you set the
  `nftables.skipKernelVersionCheck` option in the kube-proxy config, but this is not
  recommended in production since it may cause problems with other nftables
  users on the system.) ([#124152](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/124152), [@danwinship](https://github.com/danwinship)) [SIG Network]

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- The `gcp` and `azure` auth plugins have been removed from client-go and kubectl. See https://github.com/Azure/kubelogin and https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/containers-kubernetes/kubectl-auth-changes-in-gke ([#110013](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/110013), [@enj](https://github.com/enj))

- The `gcp` and `azure` auth plugins have been removed from `client-go` and `kubectl`. See [kubelogin](https://github.com/Azure/kubelogin) and [Kubectl Auth Changes in GKE](https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/containers-kubernetes/kubectl-auth-changes-in-gke) for details about the cloud-specific replacements. ([#112341](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/112341), [@enj](https://github.com/enj))

### API Change

CSI was first introduction as alpha in Kubernetes v1.9 and moved to beta in Kubernetes v1.10.

You can find a list of sample and production drivers in the [CSI Documentation](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#csi).

millerRabinIteration(mr, b) if err != nil { // b was rejected. continue } if result == millerRabinCOMPOSITE { return false } iterations-- if iterations == 0 { return true } } } // productOfPrimes is the product of the first 74 primes higher than 2. // // The number of primes was selected to be the highest such that the product fit // in 512 bits, so to be usable for 1024 bit RSA keys. // // Higher values cause fewer Miller-Rabin tests of composites (nothing can help // with the final test on the actual prime) but...

## **Major Themes**

Kubernetes 1.7 is a milestone release that adds security, stateful application, and extensibility features motivated by widespread production use of Kubernetes.