* to be the last step of the pipeline.
 *
 * <h4>Transforming</h4>
 *
 * To derive the next step by asynchronously applying a function to an input step's value, call
 * {@link #transform(ClosingFunction, Executor)} or {@link #transformAsync(AsyncClosingFunction,
 * Executor)} on the input step.
 *
 * <h4>Catching</h4>
 *
 * To derive the next step from a failed input step, call {@link #catching(Class, ClosingFunction,

 *  JQUERY-FORM-VALIDATOR
 *
 *  @version 2.3.77
 *  @website http://formvalidator.net/
 *  @author Victor Jonsson, http://victorjonsson.se
 *  @license MIT
 */

 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */

/**
 * Provides classes for Maven plugin descriptors that define plugin metadata, configuration,
 * and execution parameters. These descriptors are typically stored in plugin.xml files
 * within the META-INF/maven directory of plugin JARs.
 *
 * @since 4.0.0
 */

Now let's **refactor** this app a bit to increase **security** and **versatility**.

If you check the previous app, in the UI you can see that, up to now, it lets the client decide the `id` of the `Hero` to create. 😱

We shouldn't let that happen, they could overwrite an `id` we already have assigned in the DB. Deciding the `id` should be done by the **backend** or the **database**, **not by the client**.

# Security Tools

When you need to declare dependencies with OAuth2 scopes you use `Security()`.

But you still need to define what is the dependable, the callable that you pass as a parameter to `Depends()` or `Security()`.

There are multiple tools that you can use to create those dependables, and they get integrated into OpenAPI so they are shown in the automatic docs UI, they can be used by automatically generated clients and SDKs, etc.

# `UploadFile` class

You can define *path operation function* parameters to be of the type `UploadFile` to receive files from the request.

You can import it directly from `fastapi`:

```python
from fastapi import UploadFile
```

::: fastapi.UploadFile
    options:
        members:
            - file
            - filename
            - size
            - headers
            - content_type
            - read

    @Test
    void testToString() {
        // Create a mock DfsReferralData object
        DfsReferralData mockData = mock(DfsReferralData.class);
        String expectedToString = "Mock DfsReferralData";

        // Define the behavior of the mock's toString() method
        when(mockData.toString()).thenReturn(expectedToString);

        // Create a DfsReferral instance with the mock data

import org.lastaflute.web.validation.Required;

/**
 * Form for uploading search request files to the Fess search engine.
 * This form is used in the admin interface to upload search request configuration files
 * that define search behaviors and request handling.
 */
public class UploadForm {

    /**
     * The multipart file containing the search request configurations to be uploaded.

  test-redistribute-alls-green:  # This job does nothing and is only used for the branch protection
    if: always()
    needs:
      - test-redistribute
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Decide whether the needed jobs succeeded or failed
        uses: re-actors/alls-green@release/v1
        with:

    Throwable thrownReflectionFailure = null;
    try {
      helper = new SafeAtomicHelper();
    } catch (Throwable reflectionFailure) { // sneaky checked exception
      // Some Android 5.0.x Samsung devices have bugs in JDK reflection APIs that cause
      // getDeclaredField to throw a NoSuchFieldException when the field is definitely there.
      // For these users fallback to a suboptimal implementation, based on synchronized. This will