| ((source[offset + 3] & 0xFF) << 24);
  }

  /**
   * Indicates that the load and store operations will be very efficient because of use of VarHandle
   * or Unsafe. May be useful for calling code to fall back on an alternative implementation that is
   * slower than those implementations but faster than the pure-Java mask-and-shift.
   */
  static boolean usingFastPath() {
    return byteArray.usesFastPath();

        // Call the encode method
        ndrSmall.encode(mockNdrBuffer);

        // Verify that enc_ndr_small was called with the correct value
        verify(mockNdrBuffer, times(1)).enc_ndr_small(100);
        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockNdrBuffer);
    }

    @Test
    void testDecode() throws NdrException {
        // Define the value that dec_ndr_small should return
        int decodedValue = 200;

`Body` also returns objects of a subclass of `FieldInfo` directly. And there are others you will see later that are subclasses of the `Body` class.

Remember that when you import `Query`, `Path`, and others from `fastapi`, those are actually functions that return special classes.

///

/// tip

# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
# license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

# When run as (for example)
#
#	GOOS=linux GOARCH=ppc64 bootstrap.bash
#
# this script cross-compiles a toolchain for that GOOS/GOARCH
# combination, leaving the resulting tree in ../../go-${GOOS}-${GOARCH}-bootstrap.
# That tree can be copied to a machine of the given target type

    @Override
    Entry<K, V> forEntry(int entry) {
      return new EntryForKey(entry);
    }
  }

  /**
   * An {@code Entry} implementation that attempts to follow its key around the map -- that is, if
   * the key is moved, deleted, or reinserted, it will account for that -- while not doing any extra
   * work if the key has not moved. One quirk: The {@link #getValue()} method can return {@code

  public String getName() {
    return super.getName() + '[' + suiteName + ']';
  }

  /**
   * Asserts that the given object is non-null, with a better failure message than {@link
   * TestCase#assertNull(String, Object)}.
   *
   * <p>The {@link TestCase} version (which is from JUnit 3) produces a failure message that does
   * not include the value of the object.
   *
   * @since 33.4.0
   */

# Background Tasks { #background-tasks }

You can define background tasks to be run *after* returning a response.

This is useful for operations that need to happen after a request, but that the client doesn't really have to be waiting for the operation to complete before receiving the response.

This includes, for example:

* Email notifications sent after performing an action:

 * using standard Maven channels.
 * There should be no big surprises here, although you may notice that the methods accept
 * <code>java.lang.CharSequence</code> rather than <code>java.lang.String</code>. This is provided mainly as a
 * convenience, to enable developers to pass things like <code>java.lang.StringBuffer</code> directly into the logger,
 * rather than formatting first by calling <code>toString()</code>.
 *
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
@Experimental

new_app = UnicornMiddleware(app, some_config="rainbow")
```

But FastAPI (actually Starlette) provides a simpler way to do it that makes sure that the internal middlewares handle server errors and custom exception handlers work properly.

For that, you use `app.add_middleware()` (as in the example for CORS).

```Python
from fastapi import FastAPI
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = FastAPI()

       * more information, see the comments in that class.
       *
       * We already know that that's how it behaves, and subclasses of Converter can't change that
       * behavior. So there's no sense in making all subclass authors exclude the method from any
       * NullPointerTester tests that they have.
       */
      ignoredMembers.add(Converter.class.getMethod("apply", Object.class));