parameterOffset += pad;

            totalParameterCount = writeParametersWireFormat(txn_buf, bufParameterOffset);
            bufDataOffset = totalParameterCount; // data comes right after data

            int available = maxBufferSize - parameterOffset;
            parameterCount = Math.min(totalParameterCount, available);
            available -= parameterCount;

        assertTrue(mockService.unregisterWitness(regId));
        assertEquals(0, mockService.getRegistrationCount());
        assertFalse(mockService.hasRegistration(regId));

        // 5. Verify heartbeat fails after unregistration
        assertFalse(mockService.processHeartbeat(regId, 4));
    }

    /**
     * Test error conditions and edge cases
     */
    @Test
    void testErrorConditions() {

                        regex.append('\\');
                    }
                    regex.append(c);
                }
            }

            // If pattern doesn't end with $, it implicitly matches anything after it
            if (pattern.isEmpty() || pattern.charAt(pattern.length() - 1) != '$') {
                // This makes "/fish" match "/fish", "/fishing", "/fish/", etc.

        assertTrue(s.contains("000AFF"), "toString should include MIC hex");
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Mechanism ordering is preserved after parse")
    void testMechanismOrderPreserved() throws Exception {
        ASN1ObjectIdentifier[] mechs = new ASN1ObjectIdentifier[] { OID_NTLM, OID_KRB, OID_KRB_LEGACY };

        FileBasicInfo decoded = new FileBasicInfo();
        decoded.decode(buffer, startIndex, 36); // decode only reads 36 bytes

        // Verify the values match after round-trip
        assertEquals(TEST_CREATE_TIME, decoded.getCreateTime());
        assertEquals(TEST_LAST_ACCESS_TIME, decoded.getLastAccessTime());
        assertEquals(TEST_LAST_WRITE_TIME, decoded.getLastWriteTime());

        assertTrue(bytesWritten > 0);
        // Check that bytes before offset are unchanged
        for (int i = 0; i < offset; i++) {
            assertEquals((byte) 0xFF, dst[i]);
        }
        // Check that bytes after offset are written
        assertNotEquals((byte) 0xFF, dst[offset]);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("readTrailerWireFormat should handle different buffer offsets")

            assertEquals(CLOCK_SEQ_LOW, uuid.clock_seq_low);
            assertArrayEquals(NODE, uuid.node);
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("UUID string with extra characters after valid UUID should parse correctly")
        void testUuidWithExtraCharacters() {
            // Arrange
            String uuidWithExtra = VALID_UUID_STRING + "EXTRA";

            // Act

    private Handler handler;

    private Properties originalSystemProperties;

    @BeforeEach
    void setUp() throws Exception {
        // Backup system properties to restore them after each test
        originalSystemProperties = (Properties) System.getProperties().clone();
        // Reset static state of the Handler class before each test for isolation
        resetHandlerState();

            thread.join();
        }

        // All threads should see the initialized state
        for (boolean result : initResults) {
            assertTrue("Client should be initialized after concurrent access", result);
        }
    }

    public void test_accessTimeout_null_safety() {
        // Test that accessTimeoutTask null check prevents NPE

            for (int i = 0; i < startIndex; i++) {
                assertEquals(testByte, buffer[i], "Byte at position " + i + " was modified");
            }

            // Check bytes after encoded area
            for (int i = startIndex + EXPECTED_SIZE; i < buffer.length; i++) {
                assertEquals(testByte, buffer[i], "Byte at position " + i + " was modified");
            }
        }