Wenn Sie in Ihren Tests neben dem Senden von <abbr title="Request – Anfrage: Daten, die der Client zum Server sendet">Requests</abbr> an Ihre FastAPI-Anwendung auch `async`-Funktionen aufrufen möchten (z. B. asynchrone Datenbankfunktionen), werfen Sie einen Blick auf die [Async-Tests](../advanced/async-tests.md){.internal-link target=_blank} im Handbuch für fortgeschrittene Benutzer.

///

## Tests separieren { #separating-tests }

/// tip | 提示

注意测试函数是普通的 `def`，不是 `async def`。

还有client的调用也是普通的调用，不是用 `await`。

这让你可以直接使用 `pytest` 而不会遇到麻烦。

///

/// note | 技术细节

你也可以用 `from starlette.testclient import TestClient`。

**FastAPI** 提供了和 `starlette.testclient` 一样的 `fastapi.testclient`，只是为了方便开发者。但它直接来自Starlette。

///

/// tip | 提示

def fake_decode_token(token):
    return User(
        username=token + "fakedecoded", email="******@****.***", full_name="John Doe"
    )


async def get_current_user(token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)):
    user = fake_decode_token(token)
    return user


@app.get("/users/me")
async def read_users_me(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user)):

import pytest
from fastapi import FastAPI, Path
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/required-str/{p}")
async def read_required_str(p: Annotated[str, Path()]):
    return {"p": p}


@app.get("/required-alias/{p_alias}")
async def read_required_alias(p: Annotated[str, Path(alias="p_alias")]):
    return {"p": p}


@app.get("/required-validation-alias/{p_val_alias}")

    return User(
        username=token + "fakedecoded", email="******@****.***", full_name="John Doe"
    )


async def get_current_user(token: Annotated[str, Depends(oauth2_scheme)]):
    user = fake_decode_token(token)
    return user


@app.get("/users/me")
async def read_users_me(current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)]):

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from fastapi.websockets import WebSocket

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
async def read_main():
    return {"msg": "Hello World"}


@app.websocket("/ws")
async def websocket(websocket: WebSocket):
    await websocket.accept()
    await websocket.send_json({"msg": "Hello WebSocket"})
    await websocket.close()


def test_read_main():

# Without aliases


@app.post("/required-str", operation_id="required_str")
async def read_required_str(p: Annotated[str, Body(embed=True)]):
    return {"p": p}


class BodyModelRequiredStr(BaseModel):
    p: str


@app.post("/model-required-str", operation_id="model_required_str")
async def read_model_required_str(p: BodyModelRequiredStr):
    return {"p": p.p}


@pytest.mark.parametrize(

# Without aliases


@app.post("/optional-list-bytes")
async def read_optional_list_bytes(p: Annotated[Optional[list[bytes]], File()] = None):
    return {"file_size": [len(file) for file in p] if p else None}


@app.post("/optional-list-uploadfile")
async def read_optional_list_uploadfile(
    p: Annotated[Optional[list[UploadFile]], File()] = None,
):

from fastapi import FastAPI, File, Form
from starlette.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI()


@app.post("/urlencoded")
async def post_url_encoded(age: Annotated[Optional[int], Form()] = None):
    return age


@app.post("/multipart")
async def post_multi_part(
    age: Annotated[Optional[int], Form()] = None,
    file: Annotated[Optional[bytes], File()] = None,
):

        Discriminator(get_pet_type),
    ]

    app = FastAPI()

    @app.post("/pet/assignment")
    async def create_pet_assignment(pet: Pet = Body()):
        return pet

    @app.post("/pet/annotated")
    async def create_pet_annotated(pet: Annotated[Pet, Body()]):
        return pet

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client