assertEquals((byte) 0xFE, buffer[offset]);
            assertEquals((byte) 'S', buffer[offset + 1]);
            assertEquals((byte) 'M', buffer[offset + 2]);
            assertEquals((byte) 'B', buffer[offset + 3]);
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should handle deep message chaining")
        void testDeepMessageChaining() {

        }
        return this;
    }

    /**
     * Calculates padding needed for the given offset
     * @param offset
     *            the current offset
     * @return padding size in bytes
     */
    protected int pad(final int offset) {
        final int p = offset % getPadding();
        if (p == 0) {
            return 0;
        }
        return getPadding() - p;
    }

    session.refresh(db_hero)
    return db_hero


@app.get("/heroes/", response_model=list[HeroPublic])
def read_heroes(
    session: SessionDep,
    offset: int = 0,
    limit: Annotated[int, Query(le=100)] = 100,
):
    heroes = session.exec(select(Hero).offset(offset).limit(limit)).all()
    return heroes


@app.get("/heroes/{hero_id}", response_model=HeroPublic)
def read_hero(hero_id: int, session: SessionDep):

     * @param off offset in the buffer
     * @param length maximum length to receive
     * @return number of bytes received
     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
     */
    int recv(byte[] buf, int off, int length) throws IOException;

    /**
     * Send data to the pipe
     *
     * @param buf buffer containing data to send
     * @param off offset in the buffer

  /**
   * Copies the contents of this immutable collection into the specified array at the specified
   * offset. Returns {@code offset + size()}.
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  int copyIntoArray(@Nullable Object[] dst, int offset) {
    for (E e : this) {
      dst[offset++] = e;
    }
    return offset;
  }

  @J2ktIncompatible
  @GwtIncompatible
    Object writeReplace() {

// Case 3: bytes=10- (absolute start offset with end offset unspecified) -> RangeSpec{false, 10, -1}
// Case 4: bytes=-30 (suffix length specification) -> RangeSpec{true, -30, -1}
type HTTPRangeSpec struct {
	// Does the range spec refer to a suffix of the object?
	IsSuffixLength bool

	// Start and end offset specified in range spec
	Start, End int64
}

// GetLength - get length of range

        response.setDataCount(infoData.length);

        int bytesRead = response.readDataWireFormat(buffer, offset, buffer.length - offset);

        assertTrue(bytesRead > 0);
        assertNotNull(response.getInfo());
    }

    // Helper methods to create mock buffers for different file information types

    private byte[] createMockFileBasicInfoBuffer() {

    }

    /**
     * Decode from byte array
     *
     * @param data source data
     * @param offset starting offset
     * @return decoded response
     */
    public static SmbDirectNegotiateResponse decode(byte[] data, int offset) {
        if (data.length - offset < 32) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid SMB Direct Negotiate Response length");
        }

     * @param offset the starting position in the array
     * @param length the number of hex digits to convert
     * @return the integer value of the hex digits
     */
    public static int hex_to_bin(final char[] arr, final int offset, final int length) {
        int value = 0;
        int ai, count;

        count = 0;
        for (ai = offset; ai < arr.length && count < length; ai++) {

        assertEquals(0, ndrBuffer.index);
        assertEquals(0, ndrBuffer.length);
        assertSame(ndrBuffer, ndrBuffer.deferred);
        assertSame(buffer, ndrBuffer.buf);

        // Test with a different start offset
        NdrBuffer offsetBuffer = new NdrBuffer(buffer, 10);
        assertEquals(10, offsetBuffer.start);
        assertEquals(10, offsetBuffer.index);
        assertEquals(0, offsetBuffer.length);
    }

    @Test