*
 * <p>See the Guava User Guide article on <a href=
 * "https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/ImmutableCollectionsExplained">immutable collections</a>.
 *
 * @see ImmutableMap
 * @see ImmutableSet
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 * @since 2.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
@SuppressWarnings("serial") // we're overriding default serialization
public abstract class ImmutableList<E> extends ImmutableCollection<E>

 * neither Unicode-aware nor locale-dependent.
 *
 * <p>See the Guava User Guide article on <a
 * href="https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/PrimitivesExplained">primitive utilities</a>.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 * @since 1.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
public final class Chars {
  private Chars() {}

  /**
   * The number of bytes required to represent a primitive {@code char} value.
   *

 * either {@link Short} or {@link Arrays}.
 *
 * <p>See the Guava User Guide article on <a
 * href="https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/PrimitivesExplained">primitive utilities</a>.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 * @since 1.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
public final class Shorts extends ShortsMethodsForWeb {
  private Shorts() {}

  /**
   * The number of bytes required to represent a primitive {@code short} value.

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullMarked;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Unit test for {@link Ints}.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullMarked
@SuppressWarnings("cast") // redundant casts are intentional and harmless
public class IntsTest extends TestCase {
  private static final int[] EMPTY = {};

import java.util.stream.DoubleStream;
import junit.framework.Test;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import junit.framework.TestSuite;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullUnmarked
public class ImmutableDoubleArrayTest extends TestCase {
  // Test all creation paths very lazily: by assuming asList() works

  public void testOf0() {

/**
 * Static utility methods pertaining to instances of {@link Throwable}.
 *
 * <p>See the Guava User Guide entry on <a
 * href="https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/ThrowablesExplained">Throwables</a>.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 * @author Ben Yu
 * @since 1.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
public final class Throwables {
  private Throwables() {}

  /**

Eine weitere wichtige Funktion, benötigt von APIs, ist die Datenvalidierung, welche sicherstellt, dass die Daten unter gegebenen Umständen gültig sind. Zum Beispiel, dass ein Feld ein `int` ist und kein zufälliger String. Das ist besonders nützlich für hereinkommende Daten.

Ohne ein Datenvalidierungssystem müssten Sie alle Prüfungen manuell im Code durchführen.

---

「_**Netflix** 很高兴宣布开源我们的**危机管理**编排框架：**Dispatch**！[使用 **FastAPI** 构建]_」

<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Kevin Glisson，Marc Vilanova，Forest Monsen - <strong>Netflix</strong> <a href="https://netflixtechblog.com/introducing-dispatch-da4b8a2a8072"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>

---

「_我对 **FastAPI** 兴奋到飞起。它太有趣了！_」

 * NullPointerTester}, the caller can provide a custom non-null default value for the parameter type
 * via {@link #setDefault}.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 * @since 10.0
 */
@GwtIncompatible
@J2ktIncompatible
@NullMarked
public final class NullPointerTester {

  private final ClassToInstanceMap<Object> defaults = MutableClassToInstanceMap.create();

 *
 * <p>See the Guava User Guide article on <a href=
 * "https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/NewCollectionTypesExplained#multiset">{@code Multiset}</a>.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 * @since 2.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
public interface Multiset<E extends @Nullable Object> extends Collection<E> {
  // Query Operations

  /**